{"id":6606,"date":"2023-09-27T09:58:45","date_gmt":"2023-09-27T01:58:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/?p=6606"},"modified":"2023-09-28T10:42:16","modified_gmt":"2023-09-28T02:42:16","slug":"anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-07","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-07\/","title":{"rendered":"\u95dc\u9375\u8853\u8a9e\uff5c\u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5c64\u6b21 3.7\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7406\u5b78 2e\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"is-style-icon_pen\">\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u65bc<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-03-color\">2023\u5e749\u670827\u65e5<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-balloon\"><div class=\"c-balloon -bln-left\" data-col=\"blue\"><div class=\"c-balloon__icon -circle\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u771f\u4eba\u85dd\u7d20\u7167-tiny.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-balloon__iconImg\" width=\"80px\" height=\"80px\"><span class=\"c-balloon__iconName\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/div><div class=\"c-balloon__body -speaking -border-none\"><div class=\"c-balloon__text\">\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u65bc\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78 OpenStax \u7684 <em><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-01-color\"><strong>Anatomy and Physiology 2e<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\uff08\u6839\u64da<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" target=\"_blank\">\u672c\u66f8\u524d\u8a00<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5275\u7528 CC BY 4.0 \u8072\u660e<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<span class=\"c-balloon__shapes\"><span class=\"c-balloon__before\"><\/span><span class=\"c-balloon__after\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_grid\"><strong>\u539f\u6587\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/3-key-terms\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/3-key-terms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&lt;3&gt; The Cellular Level of Organization &nbsp;\u2014 Key Terms<\/a><br><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b782e\u300b\u7d22\u5f15\u9801\u9762<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<dl class=\"swell-block-dl is-style-border\">\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u4e3b\u52d5\u904b\u8f38<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014active transport\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u8f38\u5165\u7d30\u80de\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u8de8\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u904b\u8f38\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u5169\u89aa\u6027\u7684<\/span><\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014amphipathic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u5169\u7aef\u4e4b\u9593\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u6975\u6027\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6c34\u6eb6\u6027\u5dee\u7570<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u5f8c\u671f\uff08\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\uff09<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014anaphase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mitosis\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u548c\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014meiosis\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u59d0\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4\u5206\u96e2\u6210\u5206\u88c2\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5169\u500b\u65b0\u6838\u5340\u57df<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u53cd\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014anticodon\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>tRNA \u5206\u5b50\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u8207 mRNA \u5206\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\u4e92\u88dc<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u81ea\u6eb6<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014autolysis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u900f\u904e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9175\u7d20\u4f5c\u7528\u5206\u89e3\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u81ea\u566c<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014autophagy\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u81ea\u8eab\u6210\u5206\u7684\u6eb6\u9176\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lysosomal\u3015<\/small>\u5206\u89e3<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cell cycle\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u55ae\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\uff0c\u5f9e\u8a95\u751f\u5230\u5206\u88c2\u6210\u5169\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u819c<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cell membrane\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6240\u6709\u52d5\u7269\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u819c\uff0c\u7531\u6563\u4f48\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8102\u8cea\u96d9\u5c64\u7d44\u6210\uff1b \u53c8\u7a31<strong>\u8cea\u819c<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014plasma membrane\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7c92<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014centriole\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5c0f\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8907\u88fd\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u70ba\u5fae\u7ba1\u751f\u9577<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014microtubule growth\u3015<\/small>\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u79fb\u52d5 DNA<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4e2d\u7bc0<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014centromere\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5169\u500b\u59ca\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4\u7684\u9644\u8457\u5340\u57df<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9ad4<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014centrosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\uff08\u7d44\u7e54\uff09\u5fae\u7ba1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014organizes microtubules\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7d50\u69cb<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014channel protein\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8de8\u819c\u86cb\u767d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-spanning protein\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5141\u8a31\u4e00\u7a2e\u6216\u591a\u7a2e\u7269\u8cea\u901a\u904e\u7684\u5167\u5b54<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014inner pore\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u6aa2\u67e5\u9ede<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014checkpoint\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u4e2d\u7684\u9032\u5c55\u9ede<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014progress point\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u5fc5\u9808\u6eff\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u689d\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7d30\u80de\u9032\u5165\u5f8c\u7e8c\u968e\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u67d3\u8272\u8cea<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014chromatin\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531 DNA \u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7269\u8cea<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4<\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014chromosome\u3015<\/small><\/strong><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u7684\u6fc3\u7e2e\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7e96\u6bdb<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cilia\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u67d0\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u4e0a\u7531\u5fae\u7ba1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u9644\u5c6c\u7269\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u4fee\u98fe\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u7269\u8cea\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u9762\u7684\u79fb\u52d5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u5375\u88c2\u6e9d<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cleavage furrow\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u80de\u8cea\u5206\u88c2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u5468\u570d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6536\u7e2e\u74b0\uff0c\u5c07\u7d30\u80de\u64e0\u58d3\u6210\u5169\u534a<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50<\/span><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014codon\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>mRNA \u5206\u5b50\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5c0d\u61c9\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u6fc3\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014concentration gradient\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5169\u500b\u5340\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u5dee\u7570<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u86cb\u767d<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cyclin\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u9032\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u86cb\u767d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u6fc0\u9176 (CDK)<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cyclin-dependent kinase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8207\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u86cb\u767d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e00\u7d44\u9176\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u5b83\u5011\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u5206\u88c2<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytokinesis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u5206\u88c2\u5f62\u6210\u5169\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b50\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u8cea<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytoplasm\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u80de\u8cea\u6db2<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytosol\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u6c34\u57fa\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u5668\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u6eb6\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cellular solute\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u61f8\u6d6e\u7269\u8cea<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7d30\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytoskeleton\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u300c\u9aa8\u67b6\u300d\uff1b \u7531\u68d2\u72c0\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u652f\u6301\u7d30\u80de\u5f62\u72c0\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u904b\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u80de\u8cea\u6db2<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytosol\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u7684\u900f\u660e\u534a\u6d41\u9ad4\u4ecb\u8cea\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u6c34\u7d44\u6210<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u64f4\u6563<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014diffusion\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7269\u8cea\u5f9e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u5340\u57df\u79fb\u52d5\u5230\u6fc3\u5ea6\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u5340\u57df<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u4e8c\u500d\u9ad4<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014diploid\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b58\u5728\u907a\u50b3\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u96d9\u91cd\u4e92\u88dc\u7279\u6027\uff08\u5169\u5957\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u4f86\u81ea\u5169\u500b\u7236\u6bcd\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\uff09\u7684\u72c0\u614b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">DNA\u805a\u5408\u9176<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014DNA polymerase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5728 DNA \u8907\u88fd\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5411\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684 DNA \u80a1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014strand\u3015<\/small>\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u9176<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">DNA\u8907\u88fd<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014DNA replication\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8907\u88fd DNA \u5206\u5b50\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u8907\u88fdDNA\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014electrical gradient\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5169\u500b\u5340\u57df\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u96fb\u8377\uff08\u96fb\u4f4d\uff09\u5dee\u7570<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u5167\u541e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014endocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u900f\u904e\u5f62\u6210\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u56ca\u6ce1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound vesicle\u3015<\/small>\u5c07\u7269\u8cea\u8f38\u5165\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5167\u8cea\u7db2<\/strong>(ER)<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014endoplasmic reticulum\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u76f8\u4e92\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u5c0f\u7ba1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound tubules\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u95dc\uff08\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u7c97\u7cd9\u578b\u6216\u5149\u6ed1\u578b\uff09<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u80de\u5410\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014exocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u900f\u904e\u5f62\u6210\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u56ca\u6ce1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound vesicle\u3015<\/small>\u5c07\u7269\u8cea\u8f38\u51fa\u5230\u7d30\u80de\u5916<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5916\u986f\u5b50<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014exon\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u526a\u63a5\u5f8c\u4fdd\u7559\u7684 mRNA \u5206\u5b50\u7de8\u78bc\u5340\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u6db2\uff08ECF\uff09<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extracellular fluid\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\uff1b \u5305\u62ec\u9593\u8cea\u6db2<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interstitial fluid\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u8840\u6f3f\u548c\u9ad4\u5167\u5176\u4ed6\u5132\u5b58\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4fc3\u9032\u64f4\u6563<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014facilitated diffusion\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7269\u8cea\u501f\u52a9\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u64f4\u6563<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u97ad\u6bdb<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014flagellum\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u5fae\u7ba1\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u9644\u5c6c\u7269\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u904e\u4fee\u98fe\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u904b\u52d5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>G<sub>0<\/sub>\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014G<sub>0<\/sub> phase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f9eG<sub>1<\/sub>\u671f\u9032\u5165\uff1b \u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u7d30\u80de\u4e0d\u6703\u9032\u5165 DNA \u5408\u6210\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6216\u6c38\u4e45\u6642\u671f<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>G<sub>1<\/sub>\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014G<sub>1<\/sub> phase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u65b0\u7d30\u80de\u8a95\u751f\u5f8c<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>G<sub>2<\/sub>\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014G<sub>2<\/sub> phase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u968e\u6bb5\uff0cDNA \u5408\u6210\u968e\u6bb5\u5f8c<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u57fa\u56e0<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014gene\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>DNA \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u9577\u5ea6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5efa\u69cb\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6240\u9700\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014gene expression\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u4e3b\u52d5\u89e3\u91cb\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u7de8\u78bc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u7522\u751f\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u7522\u7269<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u57fa\u56e0\u7d44<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014genome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4 DNA \u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1b \u5e7e\u4e4e\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6bcf\u500b\u7d30\u80de\u5167<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u91a3\u843c<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014glycocalyx\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u570d\u7e5e\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u7684\u7cd6\u5206\u5b50\u5857\u5c64<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7cd6\u86cb\u767d<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014glycoprotein\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u9644\u8457\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6216\u591a\u7a2e\u78b3\u6c34\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong><strong>\u9ad8\u57fa\u6c0f\u9ad4<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014Golgi apparatus\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound sacs\u3015<\/small>\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4fee\u98fe\u3001\u6a19\u8a18\u3001\u5305\u88dd\u548c\u904b\u8f38\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u89e3\u65cb\u9176<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014helicase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5728 DNA \u8907\u88fd\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u63ee\u5206\u96e2\u96d9\u87ba\u65cb\u5169\u689d DNA \u93c8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9176<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong><strong>\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong>\u86cb\u767d<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014histone\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8207\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u4e2d\u7684 DNA \u7d50\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5bb6\u65cf<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u540c\u6e90\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014homologous\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u540c\u4e00\u689d\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u7684\u5169\u500b\u62f7\u8c9d\uff08\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u62f7\u8c9d\u90fd\u907a\u50b3\u81ea\u7236\u6bcd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u89aa\u6c34\u6027\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hydrophilic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u6c34\u5438\u5f15\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6216\u7d50\u69cb<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u758f\u6c34\u6027\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hydrophobic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u6c34\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u7269\u8cea\u6216\u7d50\u69cb<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9ad8\u5f35\u6027<\/strong>\u7684<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hypertonic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u6eb6\u6db2\u6fc3\u5ea6\u9ad8\u65bc\u53c3\u8003\u6fc3\u5ea6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4f4e\u5f35\u6027\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hypotonic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u6eb6\u6db2\u6fc3\u5ea6\u4f4e\u65bc\u53c3\u8003\u6fc3\u5ea6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6574\u5408\u86cb\u767d<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014integral protein\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8de8\u8d8a\u8102\u96d9\u5c64\u6574\u500b\u5bec\u5ea6\u7684\u819c\u76f8\u95dc\u86cb\u767d<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4e2d\u9593\u7d72<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intermediate filament\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u89d2\u86cb\u767d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014keratin\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6\u7d72\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u539a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u62b5\u6297\u7d30\u80de\u5f35\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9593\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interphase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6574\u500b\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9593\u8cea\u6db2 (IF)<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interstitial fluid\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5c0f\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5728\u8840\u7ba1\u5167\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u6db2\uff08ICF\uff09<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intracellular fluid\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytosol of cells\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5167\u542b\u5b50<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intron\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u524d mRNA \u8f49\u9304\u7269\u7684\u975e\u7de8\u78bc\u5340\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u526a\u63a5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u79fb\u9664<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u7b49\u5f35\u6027\u7684<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014isotonic\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u8207\u53c3\u8003\u6fc3\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u6fc3\u5ea6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong><strong>\u8457\u7d72\u9ede<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014kinetochore\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u4e2d\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014centromere\u3015<\/small>\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u5fae\u7ba1\u9644\u8457\u5728\u4e00\u5c0d\u59ca\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4\u4e0a<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u914d\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interphase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u53d7\u9ad4\u5206\u5b50\u7279\u7570\u6027\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u5206\u5b50<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6eb6\u9176\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lysosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6e90\u81ea\u9ad8\u57fa\u5f0f\u9ad4\u4e26\u542b\u6709\u6d88\u5316\u9175\u7d20\u7684\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u7d30\u80de\u5668<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound cellular organelle\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4fe1\u4f7f\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178 (mRNA)<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014messenger RNA \u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba DNA \u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e4b\u9593\u907a\u50b3\u5bc6\u78bc\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4e2d\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interphase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\uff08\u548c\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u59d0\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7dda\u6027\u6392\u5217<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4e2d\u671f\u677f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014metaphase plate\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u5fc3\u59d0\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4\u7684\u7dda\u6027\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u671f<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5fae\u7d72<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014microfilament\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6700\u7d30\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6\u7d72\uff0c\u7531\u808c\u52d5\u86cb\u767d\u4e9e\u57fa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014actin subunits\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u808c\u8089\u6536\u7e2e\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u7d50\u69cb\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5fae\u7ba1<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014microtubule\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6700\u7c97\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u9aa8\u67b6\u7d72\uff0c\u7531\u5fae\u7ba1\u86cb\u767d\u4e9e\u57fa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014tubulin subunits\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u7d30\u80de\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mitochondrion\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u96d9\u8102\u96d9\u5c64\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u7522\u751f\u7d30\u80de\u80fd\u91cf (ATP)<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mitosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u907a\u50b3\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u9593\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u5206\u89e3\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u5169\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u9f4a\u5168\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6838<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mitotic phase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u9032\u884c\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u968e\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\u7d21\u9318\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mitotic spindle\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6e90\u81ea\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7c92\u7684\u5fae\u7ba1\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\u671f\u9593\u6392\u5217\u548c\u62c9\u958b\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u591a\u80fd\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014multipotent\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u80fd\u5920\u5206\u5316\u70ba\u7d66\u5b9a\u7d30\u80de\u8b5c\u7cfb\u6216\u5c11\u91cf\u8b5c\u7cfb\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u6216\u767d\u8840\u7403<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7a81\u8b8a<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mutation\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de DNA \u5167\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u819c\uff08\u6838\u88ab\u819c<\/strong><\/span>\uff09<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014nuclear envelope\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5305\u570d\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u7684\u819c\uff1b \u7531\u96d9\u8102\u8cea\u96d9\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014double lipid-bilayer\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u5b54<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014nuclear pore\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5206\u4f48\u5728\u6838\u819c\u5404\u8655\u7684\u5c0f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6392\u5217\u958b\u53e3\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u4ec1<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014nucleolus\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u4e2d\u8ca0\u8cac\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5c0f\u5340\u57df<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u5c0f\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014nucleosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u5305\u88f9\u7d44\u86cb\u767d\u7684 DNA \u93c8\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u55ae\u4f4d<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014nucleus\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u7d30\u80de\u5668\uff1b \u542b\u6709\u7d30\u80de\u7684DNA<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5be1\u80fd<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014oligopotent\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bd4\u591a\u80fd\u6027\u66f4\u7279\u5316\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\uff1b \u80fd\u5920\u5206\u5316\u6210\u5e7e\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u689d\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7d30\u80de\u5668<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014organelle\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u5e7e\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u819c\u5c01\u9589\u7279\u5316\u7d50\u69cb<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-enclosed specialized structures\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7a2e\uff0c\u70ba\u7d30\u80de\u57f7\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6ef2\u900f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014osmosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u6cbf\u8457\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u6ef2\u900f\u819c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014selectively permeable membrane\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u6fc3\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u64f4\u6563<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u88ab\u52d5\u50b3\u8f38<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014passive transport\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7d30\u80de\u80fd\u91cf\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8de8\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u904b\u8f38\u5f62\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9031\u908a\u86cb\u767d<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014peripheral protein\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u819c\u76f8\u95dc\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8de8\u8d8a\u8102\u96d9\u5c64\u7684\u5bec\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u570d\u9644\u8457\u65bc\u6574\u5408\u86cb\u767d\u3001\u819c\u8102\u6216\u819c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5206<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u904e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u9176\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014peroxisome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u7d30\u80de\u5668<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound organelle\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u8ca0\u8cac\u89e3\u6bd2\u6709\u5bb3\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u9176<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u541e\u566c\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014phagocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5927\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u80de\u541e\u4f5c\u7528<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014endocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u80de\u98f2\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014pinocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u80de\u541e\u4f5c\u7528<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014endocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u842c\u80fd\u6027<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014pluripotent\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u80fd\u5920\u5206\u5316\u6210\u591a\u7a2e\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u7684\u689d\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u591a\u52dd\u80bd<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014polypeptide\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7531\u80bd\u9375\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u93c8<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u591a\u6838\u7cd6\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014polyribosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u591a\u500b\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u540c\u6642\u7ffb\u8b6f\u55ae\u4e00 mRNA \u8f49\u9304\u7269<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong><strong>\u555f\u52d5\u5b50<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014promoter\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5f9e\u57fa\u56e0\u5167\u7684\u8a72\u4f4d\u9ede\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u767c\u51fa\u8f49\u9304\u958b\u59cb\u8a0a\u865f\u7684 DNA \u5340\u57df<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u524d\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014prophase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\uff08\u548c\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u6838\u819c\u7834\u88c2\u548c\u67d3\u8272\u8cea\u51dd\u7e2e\u5f62\u6210\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proteome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\uff08\u7531\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff09<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6d3b\u6027\u6c27\u985e (ROS)<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014reactive oxygen species\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u4e00\u7d44\u6975\u5177\u53cd\u61c9\u6027\u7684\u904e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u548c\u542b\u6c27\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7d30\u80de\u640d\u50b7<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u53d7\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014receptor\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u542b\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u7a31\u70ba\u914d\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ligand\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u4f4d\u9ede\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u5b50<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u53d7\u9ad4\u4ecb\u5c0e\u7684\u80de\u541e\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014receptor-mediated endocytosis\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u9644\u8457\u5728\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u53d7\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound receptors\u3015<\/small>\u4e0a\u7684\u914d\u9ad4\u7684\u80de\u541e\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4RNA (rRNA)<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ribosomal RNA\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7d44\u6210\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4\u4e9e\u57fa\u7684 RNA<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u6838\u91a3\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ribosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u53c3\u8207\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5668<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>RNA\u805a\u5408\u9176<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014RNA polymerase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u89e3\u958b DNA\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u65b0\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684 RNA \u93c8\u4e2d\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5408\u6210\u8f49\u9304\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u9176<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>S\u671f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014S phase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>DNA\u8907\u88fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u9031\u671f\u968e\u6bb5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9078\u64c7\u901a\u900f\u6027<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014selective permeability\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5141\u8a31\u67d0\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u901a\u904e\u4f46\u6392\u9664\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5c4f\u969c\u7684\u7279\u5fb5<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u59ca\u59b9\u67d3\u8272\u55ae\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014sister chromatid\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>DNA\u8907\u88fd\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u5c0d\u76f8\u540c\u67d3\u8272\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9209\u9240<\/strong>\u5e6b\u88dc<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014sodium-potassium pump\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\uff08\u9084\u6709 Na+\/K+ ATP \u9176\uff09\u819c\u5d4c\u5165\u86cb\u767d\u5e6b\u88dc\uff0c\u5229\u7528 ATP \u5c07 Na+ \u79fb\u51fa\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5c07 K+ \u79fb\u5165\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u9ad4\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014somatic cell\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u9664\u914d\u5b50\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u6240\u6709\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u526a\u63a5\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014spliceosome\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7528\u65bc\u526a\u63a5\u524d mRNA \u8f49\u9304\u7269<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014pre-mRNA transcript\u3015<\/small>\u5167\u542b\u5b50\u7684\u9176\u8907\u5408\u7269<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u526a\u63a5<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014splicing\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u53bb\u9664\u67d0\u4e9b\u5340\u57df\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u975e\u7de8\u78bc\u5340\u57df\uff09\u4f86\u4fee\u98fe\u524d mRNA \u8f49\u9304\u7269\u3014pre-mRNA transcript\u3015\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5e79\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stem cell\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u301d\u5177\u6709\u7522\u751f\u984d\u5916\u5e79\u7d30\u80de\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7279\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u301e\u7684\u5be1\u80fd\u3001\u591a\u80fd\u6216\u842c\u80fd\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u672b\u671f<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014telophase\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u6709\u7d72\u5206\u88c2\uff08\u548c\u6e1b\u6578\u5206\u88c2\uff09\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u5206\u88c2<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytokinesis\u3015<\/small>\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u5169\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u6838<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u5168\u80fd<\/strong>\u7684<\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014totipotent\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u5206\u5316\u6210\u9ad4\u5167\u4efb\u4f55\u985e\u578b\u7d30\u80de\u548c\u5668\u5b98\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u80da\u80ce\u7d30\u80de<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u8f49\u9304<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014transcription\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7522\u751f\u8207\u7279\u5b9a DNA \u57fa\u56e0\u4e92\u88dc\u7684 mRNA \u5206\u5b50\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u8f49\u9304\u56e0\u5b50<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014transcription factor\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u8abf\u63a7\u57fa\u56e0\u8f49\u9304\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u8f49\u79fbRNA\uff08tRNA\uff09<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014transfer RNA\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u7528\u65bc\u5c07\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u5e36\u5230\u4e0d\u65b7\u751f\u9577\u7684\u591a\u80bd\u93c8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u653e\u7f6e\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684 RNA \u5206\u5b50<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u7ffb\u8b6f<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014translation\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5f9e mRNA \u8f49\u9304\u7269\u7684\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u4ee3\u78bc\u7522\u751f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u904e\u7a0b<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u4e09\u91cd\u9ad4<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014triplet\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>DNA \u5206\u5b50\u4e0a\u4e09\u500b\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7576\u8f49\u9304\u6210 mRNA \u5bc6\u78bc\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u5c0d\u61c9\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u80fa\u57fa\u9178<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u55ae\u80fd\u7684<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014unipotent\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u55ae\u4e00\u7279\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u7684\u689d\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n\n\n\n<dt class=\"swell-block-dl__dt\"><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\"><strong>\u56ca\u6ce1<\/strong><\/span><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014vesicle\u3015<\/small><\/dt>\n\n\n\n<dd class=\"swell-block-dl__dd\">\n<p>\u5305\u542b\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u90e8\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u6750\u6599\u7684\u819c\u7d50\u5408\u7d50\u69cb<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014membrane-bound structure\u3015<\/small><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-balloon_box2\">\u66f4\u65b0\u7d00\u9304<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_stripe\">2023\/09\/27 \u767c\u4f48\u672c\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-06\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-06\/\">\u2190\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-08\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-03-08\/\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f59\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u95dc\u9375\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u89e3\u91cb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6618,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"lc_iscn_info":[],"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6606"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6606"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6671,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6606\/revisions\/6671"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}