{"id":6785,"date":"2023-10-04T16:01:49","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T08:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/?p=6785"},"modified":"2023-10-05T10:41:28","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T02:41:28","slug":"anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u652f\u6490\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\uff5c\u7b2c4\u7ae0\u00a0\u6709\u6a5f\u9ad4\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u5c64\u6b21 4.3\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7406\u5b78 2e\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"is-style-icon_pen\">\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u65bc<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-03-color\">2023\u5e7410\u670804\u65e5<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-balloon\"><div class=\"c-balloon -bln-left\" data-col=\"blue\"><div class=\"c-balloon__icon -circle\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u771f\u4eba\u85dd\u7d20\u7167-tiny.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-balloon__iconImg\" width=\"80px\" height=\"80px\"><span class=\"c-balloon__iconName\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/div><div class=\"c-balloon__body -speaking -border-none\"><div class=\"c-balloon__text\">\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u65bc\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78 OpenStax \u7684 <em><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-01-color\"><strong>Anatomy and Physiology 2e<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\uff08\u6839\u64da<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" target=\"_blank\">\u672c\u66f8\u524d\u8a00<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5275\u7528 CC BY 4.0 \u8072\u660e<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<span class=\"c-balloon__shapes\"><span class=\"c-balloon__before\"><\/span><span class=\"c-balloon__after\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_grid\"><strong>\u539f\u6587\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/4-3-connective-tissue-supports-and-protects\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/4-3-connective-tissue-supports-and-protects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&lt;4&gt; The Tissue Level of Organization &nbsp;\u2014 4.3&nbsp;Connective Tissue Supports and Protects<\/a><br><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b782e\u300b\u7d22\u5f15\u9801\u9762<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-capbox cap_box\" data-colset=\"col2\"><div class=\"cap_box_ttl\"><span><strong>\u7ae0\u7bc0\u76ee\u6a19<\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"cap_box_content\">\n<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u672c\u7bc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u5340\u5206\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u985e\u578b\uff1a\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u548c\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89e3\u91cb\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f9e\u5176\u540d\u7a31\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u986f\u770b\u51fa\uff0c<span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u5668\u5b98\u3002<\/span> \u8207\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d44\u7e54\uff08\u7531\u7dca\u5bc6\u5806\u7a4d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e4b\u9593\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u6216\u6c92\u6709\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u7a7a\u9593\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6563\u5728<strong>\u57fa\u8cea<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u3002 \u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u800c\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u7269\u8cea\u7531\u5d4c\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u3002 \u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u5728\u8a72\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"> \u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u662f\u301d\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7e96\u7dad\u7e31\u6a6b\u4ea4\u932f\u7684<strong>\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u301e<\/span>\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6db2\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7926\u5316\u7684\u548c\u56fa\u9ad4\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u9aa8\u982d\u4e00\u6a23\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u6210\u5206\uff1a\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u7121\u7d50\u69cb\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014amorphous ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7e96\u7dad<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014protein fibers\u3015<\/small>\u3002 <\/span>\u6bcf\u7a2e\u6210\u5206\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u90fd\u8207\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u5f9e\u652f\u6490\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e2d\u7684\u525b\u6027\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014rigid ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u5230\u7279\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5305\u542b\u7269\uff1b \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u541e\u566c\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014phagocytic cell\u3015<\/small>\u53ef\u4ee5\u541e\u566c\u75c5\u539f\u9ad4\u4e26\u6e05\u9664\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-balloon\"><div class=\"c-balloon -bln-right\" data-col=\"green\"><div class=\"c-balloon__icon -circle\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u753b\u677f-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-balloon__iconImg\" width=\"80px\" height=\"80px\"><span class=\"c-balloon__iconName\">\u72d7\u54e5<\/span><\/div><div class=\"c-balloon__body -speaking -border-none\"><div class=\"c-balloon__text\">\n<p>\u201cmatrix\u201d \u548c \u201cground substance\u201d \u5728\u7d44\u7e54\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c<strong>\u57fa\u8cea<\/strong>\u300d\u4f46\u5be6\u5247\u70ba\u76f8\u95dc\u4f46\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u5340\u5206\u5169\u8005 \u201cmatrix\u201d \u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c<strong>\u57fa\u8cea<\/strong>\u300d\u800c \u201cground substance\u201d \u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c<strong>\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<\/strong>\u300d<\/p>\n<span class=\"c-balloon__shapes\"><span class=\"c-balloon__before\"><\/span><span class=\"c-balloon__after\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u9ad4\u5167\u57f7\u884c\u8a31\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5011 \u201c\u652f\u6490\u201d \u548c \u201c\u9023\u63a5\u201d \u5176\u4ed6\u7d44\u7e54<\/span>\uff1b \u5f9e\u5305\u570d\u808c\u8089\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u9798<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014connective tissue sheath\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5230\u5c07\u808c\u8089\u9644\u8457\u5728\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e0a\u7684\u808c\u8171\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u652f\u6490\u8eab\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u201c\u4fdd\u8b77\u201d\u662f\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u7e96\u7dad\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrous capsules\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u8b77\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u9084\u6709\u9aa8\u9abc\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002 \u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u8eab\u9ad4\u514d\u53d7\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9032\u5165\u9ad4\u5167\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002 \u6db2\u9ad4\u3001\u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u3001\u5ee2\u7269\u548c\u5316\u5b78\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7684\u904b\u8f38\u662f\u7531\u5c08\u9580\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8840\u6db2\u548c\u6dcb\u5df4\u6db2\uff09\u78ba\u4fdd\u7684\u3002 \u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014Adipose cells\u3015<\/small>\u4ee5\u8102\u80aa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fat\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5132\u5b58\u591a\u9918\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u4fdd\u6eab<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014thermal insulation\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u80da\u80ce\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u6240\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5747\u6e90\u81ea\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u4e2d\u80da\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mesodermal layer\u3015<\/small><\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 4.3\uff09\u3002 \u80da\u80ce\u4e2d\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u662f\u9593\u8449<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mesenchyme\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5e79\u7d30\u80de\u7cfb\u3002 \u9593\u8449\u7d30\u80de\u7c07<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014Clusters of mesenchymal cells\u3015<\/small>\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6574\u500b\u6210\u4eba\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u640d\u50b7\u5f8c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66ff\u63db\u548c\u4fee\u5fa9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u80da\u80ce\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u81cd\u5e36\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u9ecf\u6db2\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mucous connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u6216\u83ef\u901a\u6c0f\u81a0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014Wharton\u2019s jelly\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u5f8c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u5206\u6563\u5728\u5168\u8eab\u7684\u9593\u8449\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5206\u985e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u985e\u662f\u6839\u64da\u301d\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7279\u6027\u301e\u548c\u301d\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u985e\u578b\u301e\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\u7684<\/span>\uff08\u8868 4.1\uff09\u3002 <strong>\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014connective tissue proper\u3015<\/small>\u5305\u62ec<strong>\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014loose connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u548c<strong>\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014dense connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u90fd\u6709\u301d\u591a\u7a2e\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u301e\u548c\u301d\u61f8\u6d6e\u5728\u9ecf\u6027\u57fa\u8cea\u4e2d\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7e96\u7dad\u301e\u3002 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7531\u7e96\u7dad\u675f\u52a0\u56fa\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6297\u62c9\u5f37\u5ea6\u3001\u5f48\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002 \u5728\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e96\u7dad\u7d44\u7e54\u9b06\u6563\uff0c\u7e96\u7dad\u4e4b\u9593\u7559\u6709\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u3002 <strong>\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014supportive connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u2014\u9aa8\u9abc\u548c\u8edf\u9aa8\u2014\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u4fdd\u8b77\u8edf\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u301d\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u548c\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u301d\u3002 \u5728\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u525b\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7531\u65bc\u9223\u9e7d\u7684\u6c89\u7a4d\u800c\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u9223\u5316\u7684\u3002 \u5728<strong>\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fluid connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u6dcb\u5df4\u6db2\u548c\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u7a2e\u7279\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u5728\u542b\u6709\u9e7d\u3001\u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7684\u6c34\u72c0\u6db2\u9ad4\u4e2d\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead style=\"--thead-color--bg:var(--color_gray);--thead-color--txt:var(--swl-text_color--black)\"><tr><th>\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/th><th>\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/th><th>\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<br>\u00b7 \u8702\u7aa9<br>\u00b7 \u8102\u80aa<br>\u00b7 \u7db2\u72c0<br>\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<br>\u00b7 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u898f\u5247<br>\u00b7 \u5f48\u6027<br>\u00b7 \u5bc6\u96c6\u4e0d\u898f\u5247<\/td><td>\u8edf\u9aa8<br>\u00b7 \u900f\u660e\u8cea<br>\u00b7 \u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8<br>\u00b7 \u9b06\u7dca\u5e36<br>\u9aa8<\/td><td>\u8840<br>\u6dcb\u5df4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u88684.1<br>\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibroblasts\u3015<\/small>\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff08\u5716 4.12\uff09\u3002 \u7e96\u7dad\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrocytes\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014adipocytes\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u9593\u8449\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mesenchymal cells\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fixed cells\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u5011\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5167\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u5247\u97ff\u61c9\u5316\u5b78\u8a0a\u865f\u9032\u51fa\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014macrophages\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u80a5\u80d6\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mast cells\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lymphocytes\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u6f3f\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014plasma cells\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u541e\u566c\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014phagocytic cells\u3015<\/small>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u662f\u301d\u4fdd\u8b77\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u301e\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.01-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6789\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.01-webp.webp 900w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.01-webp-768x577.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.12 \u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><br>\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u7e96\u7dad\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5305\u62ec\u56fa\u5b9a\u7d30\u80de\u7e96\u7dad\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de\u548c\u9593\u8449\u7d30\u80de\u3002 LM \u00d7 400.\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u6700\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u662f<strong>\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibroblasts\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/span> \u301d\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u591a\u91a3\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014polysaccharides\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u301e\u8207\u301d\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u6db2\u301e\u7d50\u5408\u7522\u751f\u9ecf\u6027\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014viscous ground substance\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u8a72\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea\u8207\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u86cb\u767d\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extra-cellular matrix\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u6b63\u5982\u4f60\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\u90a3\u6a23\uff0c<strong>\u7e96\u7dad\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrocyte\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u592a\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u662f\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014adipocytes\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u301d\u5c07\u8102\u8cea\u5132\u5b58\u70ba\u6db2\u6ef4\uff08\u586b\u5145\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\uff09\u301e\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u3002 \u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u985e\u578b\uff1a\u767d\u8272\u548c\u68d5\u8272\u3002 <strong>\u68d5\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de<\/strong>\u5c07\u8102\u8cea\u5132\u5b58\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u6db2\u6ef4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6d3b\u6027\u3002 \u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c<strong>\u767d\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de<\/strong>\u5c07\u8102\u8cea\u5132\u5b58\u70ba\u55ae\u4e00\u5927\u6ef4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014large drop\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4e14\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6d3b\u6027\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u5132\u5b58\u5927\u91cf\u8102\u80aa\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529f\u6548\uff0c\u5728\u80a5\u80d6\u8005\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8b49\u5be6\u3002 \u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u548c\u985e\u578b\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u56e0\u500b\u9ad4\u800c\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9593\u8449\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mesenchymal cell\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u591a\u80fd\u6027\u6210\u9ad4\u5e79\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014multipotent adult stem cell\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u5316\u6210\u301d\u4fee\u5fa9\u548c\u7652\u5408\u53d7\u640d\u7d44\u7e54\u6240\u9700\u7684\u301e\u4efb\u4f55\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014macrophage cell\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u55ae\u6838\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014monocyte\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u4e00\u7a2e\u8840\u7403\uff09\u7684\u5927\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u5f9e\u8840\u7ba1\u9032\u5165\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u9593\u8cea\u3002 \u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de\u662f\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u662f\u4eba\u9ad4\u62b5\u6297\u6f5b\u5728\u75c5\u539f\u9ad4\u548c\u9000\u5316\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014degraded host cells\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u9632\u79a6\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002 \u7576\u53d7\u5230\u523a\u6fc0\u6642\uff0c\u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u7d30\u80de\u6fc0\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytokines\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5145\u7576\u5316\u5b78\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7684\u5c0f\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3002 \u7d30\u80de\u6fc0\u7d20\u5c07\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u62db\u52df\u5230\u611f\u67d3\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e26\u523a\u6fc0\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002 \u6f2b\u904a\u6216\u904a\u96e2\u7684\u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de\u900f\u904e\u8b8a\u5f62\u904b\u52d5<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014amoeboid movement\u3015<\/small>\u5feb\u901f\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u541e\u566c\u50b3\u67d3\u6e90\u548c\u7d30\u80de\u788e\u7247\u3002 \u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5de8\u566c\u7d30\u80de\u662f\u5176\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u6c38\u4e45\u5c45\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u80a5\u80d6\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mast cell\u3015<\/small>\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u56fa\u6709\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u9846\u7c92<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cytoplasmic granules\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u9846\u7c92\u542b\u6709\u5316\u5b78\u8a0a\u865f\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014histamine\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u809d\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014heparin\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u7576\u53d7\u5230\u523a\u6fc0\u6216\u53d7\u640d\u6642\uff0c\u80a5\u80d6\u7d30\u80de\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa\uff08\u4e00\u7a2e\u767c\u708e\u5a92\u4ecb\uff09\uff0c\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa\u5c0e\u81f4\u53d7\u50b7\u6216\u611f\u67d3\u90e8\u4f4d\u8840\u7ba1\u8212\u5f35\u3001\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e26\u4f34\u96a8\u6414\u7662\u3001\u816b\u8139\u548c\u767c\u7d05\uff08\u4f60\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u904e\u654f\u53cd\u61c9\uff09 \u3002 \u8207\u8840\u7403\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u80a5\u80d6\u7d30\u80de\u6e90\u81ea\u9020\u8840\u5e79\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hematopoietic stem cells\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u662f\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7e96\u7dad\u548c\u57fa\u8cea<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6ccc\u4e09\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\uff1a\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014collagen fibers\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u5f48\u6027\u7e96\u7dad<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014elastic fibers\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u7db2\u72c0\u7e96\u7dad<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014reticular fibers\u3015<\/small>\u3002 <\/span><strong>\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014collagen fiber\u3015<\/small>\u7531\u7e96\u7dad\u86cb\u767d\u4e9e\u57fa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrous protein subunits\u3015<\/small>\u9023\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u9577\u800c\u76f4\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u3002 \u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u96d6\u7136\u67d4\u97cc\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6297\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u62c9\u4f38\uff0c\u4e26\u8ce6\u4e88\u97cc\u5e36\u548c\u808c\u8171\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u548c\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u7e96\u7dad\u5c07\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u904b\u52d5\u671f\u9593\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5f48\u6027\u7e96\u7dad<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014elastic fiber\u3015<\/small>\u542b\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u86cb\u767d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014protein elastin\u3015<\/small>\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u548c\u7cd6\u86cb\u767d\u3002 \u5f48\u6027\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5728\u88ab\u62c9\u4f38\u6216\u58d3\u7e2e\u5f8c\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u6062\u5fa9\u5230\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u3002 \u5f48\u6027\u7e96\u7dad\u5728\u301d\u76ae\u819a\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u7d44\u7e54\u301e\u548c\u301d\u810a\u690e\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u97cc\u5e36\u301e\u4e2d\u5f88\u7a81\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7db2\u72c0\u7e96\u7dad<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014reticular fiber\u3015<\/small>\u4e5f\u7531\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e9e\u57fa\uff08\u8207\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u76f8\u540c\uff09\u5f62\u6210\uff1b \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7e96\u7dad\u4fdd\u6301\u72f9\u7a84\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6392\u5217\u6210\u5206\u652f\u7db2\u7d61\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u8eab\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8edf\u5668\u5b98\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u809d\u81df\u548c\u813e\u81df\uff09\u7684\u7db2\u72c0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u6700\u70ba\u8c50\u5bcc\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u9328\u5b9a<strong>\u8584\u58c1\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014parenchyma\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u8840\u7ba1\u548c\u795e\u7d93\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d50\u69cb\u652f\u6490\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u7e96\u7dad\u985e\u578b\u90fd\u5d4c\u5165\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u3002 \u57fa\u8cea\u7531\u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6ccc\uff0c\u7531\u591a\u91a3\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014polysaccharides\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u7279\u5225\u662f\u900f\u660e\u8cea\u9178<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hyaluronic acid\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7d44\u6210\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u7d50\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u5177\u6709\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u591a\u91a3\u5206\u652f\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u591a\u91a3\u3002 \u86cb\u767d\u591a\u91a3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proteoglycan\u3015<\/small>\u5438\u5f15\u4e26\u6355\u7372\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4f60\u73fe\u5728\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u900f\u660e\u3001\u9ecf\u7a20\u3001\u7121\u8272\u7684\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5373\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u8a31\u591a\u5668\u5b98\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5b83\u65e2\u80fd\u5438\u6536\u885d\u64ca\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u5c07\u7d44\u7e54\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002 \u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u6c34\u3001\u9e7d\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u9130\u8fd1\u6216\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u548c\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014adipose tissue\u3015<\/small>\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u8102\u80aa\u5132\u5b58\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fat storage cells\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4f34\u96a8\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extracellular matrix\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u57164.13\uff09\u3002 \u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6bdb\u7d30\u8840\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u52d5\u54e1\u8102\u8cea\u5206\u5b50\u3002 <strong>\u767d\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong>\u6700\u8c50\u5bcc\u3002 \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5448\u9ec3\u8272\uff0c\u5176\u984f\u8272\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u690d\u7269\u6027\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u80e1\u863f\u8514\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014carotene\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u76f8\u95dc\u8272\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014related pigments\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u767d\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u8102\u8cea\u5132\u5b58\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u62b5\u79a6\u4f4e\u6eab\u548c\u6a5f\u68b0\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u767d\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u814e\u81df\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7de9\u885d\u773c\u775b\u5f8c\u90e8\u3002 <strong>\u68d5\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong>\u5728\u5b30\u5152\u4e2d\u66f4\u70ba\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u5b30\u5152\u8102\u80aa<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014baby fat\u3015<\/small>\u201d\u3002 \u5728\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u68d5\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u9838\u90e8\u548c\u9396\u9aa8\u5340\u57df\u3002 \u68d5\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u7c92\u7dda\u9ad4\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u89e3\u91cb\u5176\u4ee3\u8b1d\u5132\u5b58\u8102\u80aa\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002 \u68d5\u8272\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54\u662f\u7522\u71b1\u7684<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014thermogenic\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7576\u5b83\u5206\u89e3\u8102\u80aa\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u91cb\u653e\u4ee3\u8b1d\u71b1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014metabolic heat\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7522\u751f\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u817a\u82f7\uff08ATP\uff09\uff0cATP\u662f\u65b0\u9673\u4ee3\u8b1d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.02-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.02-webp.webp 901w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.02-webp-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.13 \u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><br>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u7531\u8102\u80aa\u7d30\u80de\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u9593\u8cea\u5f88\u5c11\u3002 \u5b83\u5132\u5b58\u8102\u80aa\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u80fd\u91cf\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u6696\u3002 LM \u00d7 800.\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8702\u7aa9\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014areolar tissue\u3015<\/small>\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u6709\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7279\u5316\u3002 \u5b83\u5305\u542b\u524d\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7d30\u80de\u985e\u578b\u548c\u7e96\u7dad\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u96a8\u6a5f\u3001\u7db2\u72c0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5206\u4f48\u3002 \u5b83\u586b\u5145\u808c\u8089\u7e96\u7dad\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u5305\u570d\u8840\u7ba1\u548c\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ba1\uff0c\u4e26\u652f\u6490\u8179\u8154\u5167\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u3002 \u8702\u7aa9\u7d44\u7e54\u4f4d\u65bc\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4e0a\u76ae\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4e0b\u65b9\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0a\u76ae\u819c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014epithelial membranes\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7db2\u72c0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014reticular tissue\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u8edf\u5668\u5b98\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u813e\u81df\u548c\u809d\u81df\uff09\u7684\u7db2\u72c0\u652f\u6490\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5716 4.14\uff09\u3002 \u7db2\u72c0\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u7db2\u72c0\u7e96\u7dad\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u9644\u8457\u7684\u7db2\u72c0\u3002 \u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4f86\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u6587 reticulus\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u301d\u5c0f\u7db2<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014little net\u3015<\/small>\u301e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.03-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6792\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.03-webp.webp 901w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.03-webp-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.14 \u7db2\u72c0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><br>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7531\u7db2\u72c0\u7e96\u7dad\u7db2\u7d61\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u70ba\u8edf\u5668\u5b98\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6490\u6846\u67b6\u3002 LM \u00d7 1600.\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6bd4\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u542b\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6297\u62c9\u4f38\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6709\u5169\u5927\u985e\uff1a\u898f\u5247\u7684<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014regular\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7684<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014irregular\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/span> <strong>\u7dfb\u5bc6\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7e96\u7dad<\/strong>\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e73\u884c\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u4e86\u301d\u6297\u5f35\u5f37\u5ea6<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014tensile strength\u3015<\/small>\u301e\u548c\u301d\u6cbf\u7e96\u7dad\u53d6\u5411\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6297\u62c9\u4f38\u6027<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014resistance to stretching\u3015<\/small>\u301e\u3002 \u97cc\u5e36\u548c\u808c\u8171\u7531\u7dfb\u5bc6\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u97cc\u5e36\u4e2d\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7e96\u7dad\u90fd\u662f\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u3002 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u898f\u5247\u5f48\u6027\u7d44\u7e54\u9664\u4e86\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u5916\u9084\u542b\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u86cb\u767d\u7e96\u7dad<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014elastin fibers\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u9019\u5141\u8a31\u97cc\u5e36\u5728\u62c9\u4f38\u5f8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u5fa9\u5230\u539f\u4f86\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u3002 \u8072\u5e36\u5167\u548c\u810a\u690e\u5167\u690e\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u97cc\u5e36\u662f\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728<strong>\u7dfb\u5bc6\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e96\u7dad\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u96a8\u6a5f\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u4f48\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5b9a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002 \u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff0c\u7e96\u7dad\u4ea4\u53c9\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u7db2\u72c0\u3002 \u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u7684\u62c9\u4f38\u662f\u900f\u904e\u4ea4\u66ff\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014alternating layers\u3015<\/small>\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u5c64\u4e2d\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5411<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014orientation\u3015<\/small>\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5c64\u672c\u8eab\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u89d2\u5ea6\u5806\u758a\u3002 \u76ae\u819a\u771f\u76ae<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014dermis of the skin\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u5bcc\u542b\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u7684\u7dfb\u5bc6\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7684\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u5f48\u6027\u7d44\u7e54\u8ce6\u4e88\u52d5\u8108\u58c1\u301d\u5f37\u5ea6\u301e\u548c\u301d\u62c9\u4f38\u5f8c\u6062\u5fa9\u539f\u59cb\u5f62\u72c0\u301e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u57164.15\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.04-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6793\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.04-webp.webp 900w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.04-webp-768x577.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.15 \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><br>(a) \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7684\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7531\u5806\u7a4d\u6210\u5e73\u884c\u675f\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u6240\u7d44\u6210\u3002 (b) \u7dfb\u5bc6\u7684\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7531\u4ea4\u7e54\u6210\u7db2\u72c0\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u7d44\u6210\u3002 \u7531\u4e0a\u5f80\u4e0b\uff0cLM \u00d7 1000\uff0cLM \u00d7 200\u3002\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u651d\u653f\u738b\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-capbox cap_box\" data-colset=\"col3\"><div class=\"cap_box_ttl\"><span><strong>&#8230;\u7684\u75be\u75c5<\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"cap_box_content\">\n<p><strong>\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff1a\u808c\u8171\u708e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u4f60\u6e96\u5099\u767c\u7403\u6642\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5c0d\u624b\u5df2\u505a\u597d\u6e96\u5099\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5c07\u7403\u64ca\u904e\u5c0d\u624b\u3002 \u7576\u4f60\u5c07\u7403\u62cb\u5411\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u624b\u8155\u6703\u611f\u5230\u4e00\u9663\u707c\u75db\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u7db2\u7403\u62cd\u6389\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002 \u6574\u500b\u590f\u5929\u4f60\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u624b\u8155\u96b1\u96b1\u4f5c\u75db\u73fe\u5728\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u96e3\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d7\u7684\u75bc\u75db\u3002 \u6bd4\u8cfd\u66ab\u6642\u7d50\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e86\u4f60\u816b\u8139\u7684\u624b\u8155\u5f8c\uff0c\u6025\u8a3a\u5ba4\u7684\u91ab\u751f\u5ba3\u5e03\u4f60\u6709\u8155\u90e8\u808c\u8171\u708e\u3002 \u5979\u5efa\u8b70\u51b0\u6577\u58d3\u75db\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u670d\u7528\u975e\u985e\u56fa\u9187\u6297\u767c\u708e\u85e5\u7269\u4f86\u7de9\u89e3\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u6e1b\u8f15\u816b\u8139\uff0c\u4e26\u5b8c\u5168\u4f11\u606f\u5e7e\u9031\u3002 \u5979\u6253\u65b7\u4e86\u4f60\u301d\u4e0d\u80fd\u505c\u6b62\u6253\u7db2\u7403\u301e\u7684\u6297\u8b70\u3002 \u5979\u5c0d\u75c5\u60c5\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u548c\u624b\u8853\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u767c\u51fa\u56b4\u53b2\u8b66\u544a\u3002 \u5979\u5b89\u6170\u4f60\u8aaa\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7db2\u7403\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u5982 Venus \u548c Serena Williams \u4ee5\u53ca Rafael Nadal \u4e5f\u906d\u53d7\u904e\u808c\u8171\u708e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u808c\u8171\u708e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u767c\u751f\u7684\uff1f \u808c\u8171\u708e\u662f\u808c\u8171\u7684\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u808c\u8171\u662f\u5c07\u808c\u8089\u9644\u8457\u5728\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e0a\u7684\u539a\u7e96\u7dad\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5e36<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014thick band of fibrous connective tissue\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u7bc0\u5468\u570d\u5340\u57df\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u58d3\u75db\u3002 \u5728\u6975\u5c11\u6578\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u53d7\u50b7\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u808c\u8171\u708e\u3002 \u5927\u591a\u6578\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u63a8\u79fb\u7684\u91cd\u8907\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u57f7\u884c\u4efb\u52d9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u808c\u8171\u62c9\u50b7\u6240\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u55dc\u597d\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u904d\u53c8\u4e00\u904d\u5730\u57f7\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u52d5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u60a3\u808c\u8171\u708e\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u6700\u5927\u3002 \u4f60\u807d\u904e\u7db2\u7403\u8098\u548c\u9ad8\u723e\u592b\u7403\u8098<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014tennis and golfer\u2019s elbow\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u8df3\u8e8d\u819d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014jumper&#8217;s knee\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u6e38\u6cf3\u80a9<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014swimmer\u2019s shoulder\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u5728\u6240\u6709\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u95dc\u7bc0\u90fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5fae\u5275\u50b7\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u767c\u708e\u53cd\u61c9<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014inflammatory response\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u808c\u8171\u708e\u901a\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u81e8\u5e8a\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f86\u8a3a\u65b7\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u75bc\u75db\u5287\u70c8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6aa2\u67e5 X \u5149\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u9aa8\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u808c\u8171\u708e\u751a\u81f3\u6703\u6495\u88c2\u808c\u8171\u3002 \u808c\u8171\u7684\u624b\u8853\u4fee\u5fa9\u662f\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u3002 \u808c\u8171\u5167\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6c92\u6709\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u4f9b\u61c9\uff0c\u7652\u5408\u7de9\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6709\u808c\u8171\u708e\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u808c\u8171\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u96a8\u8457\u5e74\u9f61\u7684\u589e\u9577\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f61\u5c64\u7684\u6d3b\u8e8d\u4eba\u58eb\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u60a3\u6709\u808c\u8171\u708e\u3002 \u5e74\u8f15\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u3001\u821e\u8005\u548c\u96fb\u8166\u64cd\u4f5c\u54e1\uff1b \u4efb\u4f55\u7d93\u5e38\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u52d5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u60a3\u808c\u8171\u708e\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u91cd\u8907\u6027\u52d5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u808c\u8171\u708e\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u53d6\u9810\u9632\u63aa\u65bd<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014precautions\u3015<\/small>\u4f86\u964d\u4f4e\u767c\u751f\u808c\u8171\u708e\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u5728\u904b\u52d5\u524d\u9032\u884c\u4f38\u5c55\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea4\u53c9\u8a13\u7df4\u6216\u6539\u8b8a\u904b\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u5145\u6eff\u71b1\u60c5\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6642\u5019\u53c3\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6280\u8853\u4e86\u3002 \u6240\u6709\u9810\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8171\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6e1b\u5c11\u65bd\u52a0\u5728\u808c\u8171\u4e0a\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002 \u900f\u904e\u9069\u7576\u7684\u4f11\u606f\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7167\u8b77\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u56de\u5230\u7403\u5834\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u64ca\u51fa\u53f3\u65cb\u7403\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u9aa8<\/strong>\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u8eab\u9ad4\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u59ff\u52e2\u4e26\u4fdd\u8b77\u5167\u81df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8edf\u9aa8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7368\u7279\u5916\u89c0\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u7a31\u70ba\u786b\u9178\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014chondroitin sulfates\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u591a\u91a3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014polysaccharides\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea\u86cb\u767d\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ground substance proteins\u3015<\/small>\u7d50\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u805a\u91a3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proteoglycans\u3015<\/small>\u3002 <strong>\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014chondrocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u6216\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cartilage cells\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u5d4c\u5165\u8edf\u9aa8\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cartilage matrix\u3015<\/small>\u5167\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u4f54\u64da\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u8154\u9699<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lacunae\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u55ae\u6578= lacuna\uff09\u3002 \u4e00\u5c64\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7684\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff08\u5373\u8edf\u9aa8\u819c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014perichondrium\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u5305\u88f9\u8457\u8edf\u9aa8\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u6c92\u6709\u8840\u7ba1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u6709\u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u64f4\u6563\u624d\u80fd\u5230\u9054\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u5c0e\u81f4\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u7652\u5408\u975e\u5e38\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u4e09\u7a2e\u4e3b\u8981\u985e\u578b\u662f\u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hyaline cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrocartilage\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u5f48\u6027\u8edf\u9aa8<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014elastic cartilage\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5716 4.16\uff09<\/span>\u3002 <strong>\u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hyaline cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u9ad4\u5167\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u8edf\u9aa8\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u7531\u77ed\u800c\u5206\u6563\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u542b\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u805a\u91a3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proteoglycans\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u5728\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d44\u7e54\u6a23\u672c\u986f\u5f97\u6e05\u6670\u3002 \u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5149\u6ed1\u3002 \u5b83\u65e2\u5805\u56fa\u53c8\u6709\u5f48\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u808b\u9aa8\u548c\u9f3b\u5b50\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e26\u8986\u84cb\u8457\u9aa8\u982d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u5011\u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u5728\u9aa8\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u80da\u80ce\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u3002 \u9aa8\u982d\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8\u677f\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u6301\u7e8c\u751f\u9577\u81f3\u6210\u5e74\u3002 <strong>\u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014fibrocartilage\u3015<\/small>\u5f88\u5805\u97cc\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u5206\u6563\u8457\u539a\u539a\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u675f\u3002 \u819d\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u534a\u6708\u677f\u548c\u690e\u9593\u76e4\u662f\u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002 <strong>\u5f48\u6027\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014elastic cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u542b\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u7e96\u7dad\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u81a0\u539f\u86cb\u767d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014collagen\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u805a\u91a3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proteoglycans\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u7d44\u7e54\u63d0\u4f9b\u525b\u6027\u652f\u6490\u548c\u5f48\u6027\u3002 \u8f15\u8f15\u62c9\u52d5\u4f60\u7684\u8033\u5782\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u767c\u73fe\u8033\u5782\u6062\u5fa9\u5230\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u3002 \u5916\u8033\u542b\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u8edf\u9aa8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"901\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.05-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6794\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.05-webp.webp 901w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.05-webp-768x768.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.16 \u8edf\u9aa8\u985e\u578b<\/strong><br>\u8edf\u9aa8\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u7531\u5d4c\u5165\u786b\u9178\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d20\u5805\u56fa\u57fa\u8cea\u4e2d\u7684\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u7d44\u6210\u3002 (a) \u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6490\uff0c\u4f34\u96a8\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f48\u6027\u3002 \u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u81ea\u72d7\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 (b) \u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u58d3\u7e2e\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u6536\u58d3\u529b\u3002 (c) \u5f48\u6027\u8edf\u9aa8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5805\u56fa\u4f46\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u652f\u6490\u3002 \u7531\u4e0a\u81f3\u4e0b\uff0cLM \u00d7 300\u3001LM \u00d7 1200\u3001LM \u00d7 1016\u3002\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9aa8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014bone\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u6700\u5805\u786c\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u5b83\u70ba\u5167\u90e8\u5668\u5b98\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u652f\u6490\u8eab\u9ad4\u3002<\/span> \u9aa8\u7684\u525b\u6027\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extracellular matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e3b\u8981\u542b\u6709\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u81a0\u539f\u7e96\u7dad\u5d4c\u5165\u542b\u6709\u7fa5\u78f7\u7070\u77f3<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hydroxyapatite\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u78f7\u9178\u9223\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u7926\u5316\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014mineralized ground substance\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u3002 \u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014matrix\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u6210\u5206\uff08\u6709\u6a5f\u7684\u548c\u7121\u6a5f\u7684\uff09\u90fd\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9aa8\u9abc\u7684\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u7279\u6027\u3002 \u6c92\u6709\u81a0\u539f\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u8106\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u788e\u88c2\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u7926\u7269\u6676\u9ad4\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u5c31\u6703\u5f4e\u66f2\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5e7e\u4e4e\u7121\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6490\u3002 <strong>\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014osteocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5373\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u7b49\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\uff09\u4f4d\u65bc\u8154\u9699<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lacunae\u3015<\/small>\u5167\u3002 \u9577\u9aa8\u6a6b\u5411\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u5b78\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u301d\u570d\u7e5e\u4e2d\u592e\u7ba1\u5448\u540c\u5fc3\u5713\u301e\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6392\u5217\u3002 \u9aa8\u982d\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8840\u7ba1\u5316\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u8207\u8edf\u9aa8\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u77ed\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5167\u5f9e\u640d\u50b7\u4e2d\u6062\u5fa9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9b06\u8cea\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cancellous bone\u3015<\/small>\u5728\u986f\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u50cf\u6d77\u7dbf\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u6881<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014trabeculae\u3015<\/small>\u6216\u56fa\u6709\u9aa8\u5f13<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014arches of bone proper\u3015<\/small>\u4e4b\u9593\u542b\u6709\u7a7a\u9699\u3002 \u5b83\u6bd4\u7dfb\u5bc6\u9aa8\u8f15\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u548c\u9577\u9aa8\u7684\u672b\u7aef\u3002 <strong>\u7dfb\u5bc6\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014compact bone\u3015<\/small>\u5805\u56fa\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u8840\u6db2\u548c\u6dcb\u5df4\u6db2\u662f\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<\/span> \u7d30\u80de\u5728\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extracellular matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u5faa\u74b0\u3002 \u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u5faa\u74b0\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u90fd\u4f86\u81ea\u9aa8\u9ad3\u4e2d\u7684<strong>\u9020\u8840\u5e79\u7d30\u80de<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hematopoietic stem cells\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u57164.17\uff09\u3002<strong> \u7d05\u8840\u7403<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014erythrocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u7d05\u8840\u7403<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014red blood cells\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u904b\u9001\u6c27\u6c23\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u3002 <strong>\u767d\u8840\u7403<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014leukocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u767d\u8840\u7403<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014white blood cells\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u8ca0\u8cac\u9632\u79a6\u6f5b\u5728\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u3002 <strong>\u8840\u5c0f\u677f<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014platelets\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u53c3\u8207\u8840\u6db2\u51dd\u56fa\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u788e\u7247\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u767d\u8840\u7403\u80fd\u5920\u7a7f\u904e\u6392\u5217\u65bc\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u5167\u76ae\u5c64\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9032\u5165\u9130\u8fd1\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u71df\u990a\u7269\u8cea\u3001\u9e7d\u548c\u5ee2\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u6db2\u9ad4\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014liquid matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u4e26\u8f38\u9001\u5230\u9ad4\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6dcb\u5df4\u542b\u6709\u6db2\u9ad4\u57fa\u8cea<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014liquid matrix\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u767d\u8840\u7403\u3002 \u6bdb\u7d30\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ba1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lymphatic capillaries\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u6ef2\u900f\u6027\u6975\u5f37\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u591a\u9918\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\u5f9e\u9593\u9699\u9032\u5165\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ba1\u3002 \u6dcb\u5df4\u6d41\u5165\u8840\u7ba1\uff0c\u5c07\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u9032\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8f38\u9001\u5230\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u3002 \u900f\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7279\u5316\u7684\u6bdb\u7d30\u6dcb\u5df4\u7ba1\u5c07\u5438\u6536\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u904b\u51fa\u8178\u9053\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u8f38\u9001\u5230\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.06-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.06-webp.webp 901w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-03.06-webp-768x432.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 4.17 \u8840\u6db2\uff1a\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54<\/strong><br>\u8840\u6db2\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u7d05\u8840\u7403\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u767d\u8840\u7403\uff0c\u5728\u6db2\u9ad4\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u57fa\u8cea\u4e2d\u5faa\u74b0\u3002 LM \u00d7 1600.\uff08\u986f\u5fae\u7167\u7247\u7531\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b78\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u8463\u4e8b\u6703\u63d0\u4f9b \u00a9 2012\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-balloon_box2\">\u66f4\u65b0\u7d00\u9304<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_stripe\">2023\/10\/03 \u767c\u4f48\u672c\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-02\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-02\/\">\u2190\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-04\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-04-04\/\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u5b8c\u672c\u7bc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022 \u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u5340\u5206\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u985e\u578b\uff1a\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u3001\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7684\u548c\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684<br \/>\n\u2022 \u89e3\u91cb\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"lc_iscn_info":[],"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6785"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6785"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6827,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6785\/revisions\/6827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}