{"id":7196,"date":"2023-10-18T21:28:16","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T13:28:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/?p=7196"},"modified":"2023-10-18T21:28:17","modified_gmt":"2023-10-18T13:28:17","slug":"anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-06\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7ae0\u7bc0\u56de\u9867\uff5c\u7b2c5\u7ae0\u00a0\u5916\u76ae\u7cfb\u7d71 5.6\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7406\u5b78 2e\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"is-style-icon_pen\">\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u65bc<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-03-color\">2023\u5e7410\u670818\u65e5<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-balloon\"><div class=\"c-balloon -bln-left\" data-col=\"blue\"><div class=\"c-balloon__icon -circle\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u771f\u4eba\u85dd\u7d20\u7167-tiny.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-balloon__iconImg\" width=\"80px\" height=\"80px\"><span class=\"c-balloon__iconName\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/div><div class=\"c-balloon__body -speaking -border-none\"><div class=\"c-balloon__text\">\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u65bc\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78 OpenStax \u7684 <em><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-01-color\"><strong>Anatomy and Physiology 2e<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\uff08\u6839\u64da<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" target=\"_blank\">\u672c\u66f8\u524d\u8a00<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5275\u7528 CC BY 4.0 \u8072\u660e<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<span class=\"c-balloon__shapes\"><span class=\"c-balloon__before\"><\/span><span class=\"c-balloon__after\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_grid\"><strong>\u539f\u6587\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/5-chapter-review\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/5-chapter-review\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&lt;5> The Integumentary System \u00a0\u2014 Chapter Review<\/a><br><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b782e\u300b\u7d22\u5f15\u9801\u9762<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 \u76ae\u819a\u5c64<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ae\u819a\u7531\u5169\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u5c64\u7d44\u6210\uff1a\u6dfa\u5c64\u8868\u76ae\u548c\u6df1\u5c64\u771f\u76ae\u3002 \u8868\u76ae\u7531\u5e7e\u5c64\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5f9e\u6700\u5167\u5c64\uff08\u6700\u6df1\u7684\uff09\u57fa\u5e95\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stratum basale\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u751f\u767c\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014germinatum\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u68d8\u72c0\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stratum spinosum\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u9846\u7c92\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stratum granulosum\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u900f\u660e\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stratum lucidum\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u662f\u6700\u5916\u5c64\u89d2\u8cea\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stratum corneum\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u6700\u9802\u5c64\u662f\u89d2\u8cea\u5c64\uff0c\u7531\u9031\u671f\u6027\u812b\u843d\u7684\u6b7b\u7d30\u80de\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u9010\u6f38\u88ab\u57fa\u5e95\u5c64\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002 \u57fa\u5e95\u5c64\u4e5f\u542b\u6709\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014melanocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5373\u7522\u751f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014melanin\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u4e3b\u8981\u8ca0\u8cac\u8ce6\u4e88\u76ae\u819a\u984f\u8272\u3002 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u88ab\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u68d8\u72c0\u5c64\u7684\u89d2\u8cea\u5f62\u6210\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014keratinocytes\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7d30\u80de\u514d\u53d7\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u771f\u76ae\u5c07\u8868\u76ae\u8207\u76ae\u4e0b\u7d44\u7e54\u9023\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u65bc\u81a0\u539f\u86cb\u767d\u548c\u5f48\u6027\u86cb\u767d\u7e96\u7dad\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f37\u5ea6\u548c\u5f48\u6027\u3002 \u5b83\u53ea\u6709\u5169\u5c64\uff1a\u301d\u5177\u6709\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u8868\u76ae\u7684\u4e73\u982d\u301e\u7684\u4e73\u982d\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014papillary layer\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u301d\u7531\u758f\u9b06\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d44\u6210\u301e\u7684\u8f03\u4f4e\u7db2\u72c0\u5c64<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014reticular layer\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u76ae\u4e0b\u7d44\u7e54\u4f4d\u65bc\u76ae\u819a\u771f\u76ae\u6df1\u8655\uff0c\u662f\u5c07\u771f\u76ae\u8207\u4e0b\u5c64\u7d50\u69cb\u9023\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\uff1b \u5b83\u9084\u542b\u6709\u8102\u80aa\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u8102\u80aa\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u6587\u7ae0\u50b3\u9001\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-01\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-01\/\">5.1 \u76ae\u819a\u5c64<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 \u76ae\u819a\u7684\u9644\u5c6c\u7d50\u69cb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ae\u819a\u7684\u9644\u5c6c\u7d50\u69cb\u5305\u62ec\u6bdb\u9aee\u3001\u6307\u7532\u3001\u6c57\u817a\u548c\u76ae\u8102\u817a\u3002 \u6bdb\u9aee\u7531\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u89d2\u8cea\u5316\u7d30\u80de<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014keratinized cells\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u984f\u8272\u3002 \u6307\u7532\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u89d2\u8cea\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u6211\u5011\u7684\u624b\u6307\u548c\u8173\u8dbe\u56db\u80a2\u514d\u53d7\u6a5f\u68b0\u6027\u640d\u50b7\u3002 \u6c57\u817a\u548c\u76ae\u8102\u817a\u5206\u5225\u7522\u751f\u6c57\u6c34\u548c\u76ae\u8102\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u6db2\u9ad4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7a2e\u90fd\u5728\u7dad\u6301 \u201c\u9ad4\u5167\u5e73\u8861\u201d \u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u7576\u8eab\u9ad4\u904e\u71b1\u6642\uff0c\u51fa\u6c57\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b7\u537b\u8eab\u9ad4\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6392\u51fa\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u5ee2\u7269\u3002 \u76ae\u8102\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u5929\u7136\u4fdd\u6fd5\u5291\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6b7b\u76ae\u3001\u7247\u72c0\u5916\u89d2\u86cb\u767d\u5c64\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u6587\u7ae0\u50b3\u9001\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-02\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-02\/\">5.2 \u76ae\u819a\u7684\u9644\u5c6c\u7d50\u69cb<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 \u5916\u76ae\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ae\u819a\u5728\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u611f\u77e5\u523a\u6fc0\u3001\u9ad4\u6eab\u8abf\u7bc0\u548c\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 D \u5408\u6210\u65b9\u9762\u767c\u63ee\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u812b\u6c34\u3001\u611f\u67d3\u548c\u8eab\u9ad4\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u4f4d\u53d7\u50b7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c64\u9632\u79a6\u3002 \u7576\u8eab\u9ad4\u904e\u71b1\u6642\uff0c\u76ae\u819a\u4e2d\u7684\u6c57\u817a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u76ae\u819a\u8868\u9762\u51b7\u537b\u3002 \u9ad4\u6eab\u8abf\u7bc0\u4e5f\u662f\u900f\u904e\u76ae\u819a\u4e2d\u8f09\u71b1\u8840\u7ba1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014heat-carrying blood vessels\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u64f4\u5f35\u6216\u6536\u7e2e\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\u3002 \u76ae\u819a\u5c64\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7d30\u80de\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5340\u57df\u5de1\u908f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u514d\u53d7\u7570\u7269\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002 \u76ae\u4e0b\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u8102\u80aa\u5132\u5b58\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9ad4\u6eab\u8abf\u7bc0\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u76ae\u819a\u5728\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 D \u7684\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7dad\u751f\u7d20 D \u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5929\u7136\u98df\u7269\u4e2d\u537b\u4e0d\u6613\u7372\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u6587\u7ae0\u50b3\u9001\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-03\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-03\/\">5.3 \u5916\u76ae\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.4 \u5916\u76ae\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u75be\u60a3\u8207\u640d\u50b7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ae\u819a\u764c\u662f\u76ae\u819a\u7d30\u80de DNA \u53d7\u640d\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u904e\u5ea6\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u8f3b\u5c04\u6240\u81f4\u3002 \u57fa\u5e95\u7d30\u80de\u764c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014basal cell carcinoma\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u9c57\u72c0\u7d30\u80de\u764c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014squamous cell carcinoma\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u6cbb\u7652\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u7531\u57fa\u5e95\u5c64\u548c\u68d8\u72c0\u5c64\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u3002 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014melanoma\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u6700\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u764c\uff0c\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u64f4\u6563\/\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5668\u5b98\u3002 \u71d2\u50b7\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u6975\u71b1\u3001\u8f3b\u5c04\u6216\u5316\u5b78\u7269\u8cea\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u640d\u50b7\u3002 \u4e00\u5ea6\u548c\u4e8c\u5ea6\u71d2\u50b7\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5f88\u5feb\u7652\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u4e09\u5ea6\u71d2\u50b7\u53ef\u80fd\u81f4\u547d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u7a7f\u900f\u6574\u500b\u76ae\u819a\u5c64\u3002 \u7576\u76ae\u819a\u640d\u50b7\u4fee\u5fa9\u6642\u5c31\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u75a4\u75d5\u3002 \u7e96\u7dad\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u4ee5\u81a0\u539f\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7522\u751f\u75a4\u75d5\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7c43\u72c0\u7de8\u7e54\u5716\u6848<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014basket-weave pattern\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u8207\u6b63\u5e38\u76ae\u819a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8925\u7621<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014bedsores\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u598a\u5a20\u7d0b<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014stretch marks\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u76ae\u819a\u548c\u4e0b\u5c64\u7d44\u7e54\u627f\u53d7\u904e\u5927\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002 \u8925\u7621<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014melanoma\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u52d5\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7d44\u7e54\u58de\u6b7b\uff0c\u800c\u598a\u5a20\u7d0b\u5247\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u9577\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u3002 \u6fd5\u75b9<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014eczema\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u904e\u654f\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u8868\u73fe\u70ba\u76ae\u75b9\uff0c\u800c\u75e4\u7621<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014acne\u3015<\/small>\u5247\u7531\u76ae\u8102\u817a\u5835\u585e\u5f15\u8d77\u3002 \u6fd5\u75b9\u548c\u75e4\u7621\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9577\u671f\u76ae\u819a\u75c5\uff0c\u5728\u8f15\u5fae\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u6cbb\u7642\u3002 \u8001\u7e6d<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014calluses\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u96de\u773c<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014corns\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u76ae\u819a\u53d7\u5230\u78e8\u640d\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u6587\u7ae0\u50b3\u9001\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-04\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-04\/\">5.4 \u5916\u76ae\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u75be\u60a3\u8207\u640d\u50b7<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-balloon_box2\">\u66f4\u65b0\u7d00\u9304<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_stripe\">2023\/10\/18 \u767c\u4f48\u672c\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-05\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-05-04\/\">\u2190\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p 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