{"id":7264,"date":"2023-10-22T12:09:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T04:09:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/?p=7264"},"modified":"2023-12-05T15:01:04","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T07:01:04","slug":"anatomy-and-physiology-2e-06-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-06-04\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9aa8\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u767c\u80b2\uff5c\u7b2c6\u7ae0\u00a0\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u9aa8\u9abc\u7cfb\u7d71 6.4\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7406\u5b78 2e\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7531\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u65bc2023\u5e7410\u670822\u65e5<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n \u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u65bc\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78 OpenStax \u7684 Anatomy and Physiology 2e<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u7531\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\uff08\u6839\u64da\u672c\u66f8\u524d\u8a00<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684\u5275\u7528 CC BY 4.0 \u8072\u660e<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n \u539f\u6587\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><6> Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System \u2014 6.4 Bone Formation and Development<\/a> \u5b78\u7fd2\u672c\u7bc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u80da\u80ce\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u80da\u80ce\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u7531\u7e96\u7dad\u819c\u3014fibrous membranes\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8\u3014hyaline cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u7d44\u6210\u3002 \u5728\u80da\u80ce\u751f\u547d\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u9031\u6216\u7b2c\u4e03\u9031\uff0c\u9aa8\u9abc\u767c\u80b2\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5373\u9aa8\u5316\u3014ossification\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u6210\u9aa8\u3014osteogenesis\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u958b\u59cb\u3002 \u6210\u9aa8\u9014\u5f91\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff1a\u819c\u5167\u9aa8\u5316<\/strong>\u3014intramembranous ossification\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u8edf\u9aa8\u5167\u9aa8\u5316<\/strong>\u3014endochondral ossification\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u8ad6\u4f55\u7a2e\u9014\u5f91\u7522\u751f\u9aa8\uff0c\u9aa8\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6d77\u7dbf\u9aa8\u548c\u9ad3\u8154\u5f9e\u7a7f\u904e\u7dfb\u5bc6\u9aa8\u7684\u52d5\u8108\u7372\u53d6\u71df\u990a\u3002 \u52d5\u8108\u7d93\u7531\u71df\u990a\u5b54<\/strong>\u3014nutrient foramen\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u8907\u6578 = foramina\uff09\u9032\u5165<\/span>\uff0c\u71df\u990a\u5b54\u662f\u9aa8\u5e79\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0f\u958b\u53e3\uff08\u5716 6.15\uff09\u3002 \u6d77\u7dbf\u9aa8\u4e2d\u7684\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u7531\u301d\u7a7f\u900f\u6d77\u7dbf\u9aa8\u7684\u9aa8\u819c\u8840\u7ba1\u3014blood vessels of the periosteum\u3015<\/small>\u301e\u548c\u301d\u5728\u9aa8\u9ad3\u8154\u3014marrow cavities\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u5faa\u74b0\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u301e\u6ecb\u990a\u3002 \u7576\u8840\u6db2\u901a\u904e\u9aa8\u9ad3\u8154\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u975c\u8108\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u901a\u904e\u5b54\u3014foramina\u3015<\/small>\u5f9e\u9aa8\u982d\u4e2d\u6392\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u6574\u500b\u80ce\u5152\u767c\u80b2\u548c\u5152\u7ae5\u751f\u9577\u767c\u80b2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u5728\u8edf\u9aa8\u57fa\u8cea\u3014cartilaginous matrix\u3015<\/small>\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u3002 \u7576\u80ce\u5152\u51fa\u751f\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8edf\u9aa8\u5df2\u88ab\u9aa8\u982d\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002 \u4e00\u4e9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u8edf\u9aa8\u5c07\u5728\u6574\u500b\u7ae5\u5e74\u6642\u671f\u88ab\u66ff\u63db\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8edf\u9aa8\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6210\u5e74\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5728\u819c\u5167\u9aa8\u5316<\/strong>\u3014intramembranous ossification\u3015<\/small>\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7dfb\u5bc6\u9aa8\u548c\u6d77\u7dbf\u9aa8\u76f4\u63a5\u5f9e\u9593\u8cea\u3014mesenchymal<\/small>\u3015\uff08\u672a\u5206\u5316\u3014undifferentiated\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7247\u767c\u80b2\u800c\u4f86\u3002<\/span> \u81c9\u90e8\u7684\u6241\u9aa8\u3001\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u9871\u9aa8\u548c\u9396\u9aa8\u3014clavicles\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u9396\u9aa8\u3014collarbones\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u90fd\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u819c\u5167\u9aa8\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7576\u80da\u80ce\u9aa8\u67b6\u4e2d\u7684\u9593\u8cea\u7d30\u80de\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e26\u958b\u59cb\u5206\u5316\u70ba\u7279\u5316\u7d30\u80de\u6642\uff0c\u904e\u7a0b\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\uff08\u57166.16a\uff09\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u5c07\u5206\u5316\u70ba\u6bdb\u7d30\u8840\u7ba1\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u7d30\u80de\u5c07\u5206\u5316\u70ba\u9aa8\u539f\u7d30\u80de\u3014osteogenic cells\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5206\u5316\u70ba\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u3014osteoblasts\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u5118\u7ba1\u5b83\u5011\u6700\u7d42\u6703\u900f\u904e\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u800c\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u4f46\u65e9\u671f\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u7a31\u70ba\u9aa8\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/strong>\u3014ossification center\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7c07\u3014cluster\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u6ccc\u985e\u9aa8\u8cea<\/strong>\u3014osteoid\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u672a\u9223\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u8cea\u3014uncalcified matrix\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u7576\u7926\u7269\u9e7d\u6c89\u7a4d\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u6642\uff0c\u8a72\u57fa\u8cea\u5728\u5e7e\u5929\u5167\u9223\u5316\u3014calcifies\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u786c\u5316\u3014hardens\u3015<\/small>\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c07\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u6355\u7372\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u6355\u7372\uff0c\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u6210\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u3014osteocytes\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5716 6.16b\uff09\u3002 \u7576\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u9aa8\u7d30\u80de\u6642\uff0c\u5468\u570d\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u4e2d\u7684\u9aa8\u539f\u7d30\u80de\u5206\u5316\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6bdb\u7d30\u8840\u7ba1\u5468\u570d\u5206\u6ccc\u7684\u985e\u9aa8\u8cea\u3014osteoid\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u672a\u7926\u5316\u7684\u9aa8\u57fa\u8cea\uff09\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u5c0f\u6881\u57fa\u8cea<\/strong>\u3014trabecular matrix\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u800c\u6d77\u7dbf\u9aa8\u8868\u9762\u7684\u9aa8\u6bcd\u7d30\u80de\u5247\u5f62\u6210\u9aa8\u819c\u3014periosteum\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u5716 6.16c\uff09\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\u9aa8\u819c\u5728\u5c0f\u6881\u9aa8<\/strong><\/strong>\u3014trabecular bone\u3015<\/small>\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5c64\u7dfb\u5bc6\u9aa8\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c64\u3002 \u5c0f\u6a11\u9aa8\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u8840\u7ba1\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u51dd\u7d50\u6210\u7d05\u9aa8\u9ad3\uff08\u5716 6.16d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong>\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b782e\u300b\u7d22\u5f15\u9801\u9762<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u8edf\u9aa8\u6a21\u677f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u819c\u5167\u9aa8\u5316<\/h2>\n\n\n\n