{"id":7808,"date":"2024-01-26T23:32:50","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T15:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/?p=7808"},"modified":"2024-02-14T00:44:37","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T16:44:37","slug":"anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\uff5c\u7b2c9\u7ae0 \u95dc\u7bc0 9.4\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u8207\u751f\u7406\u5b78 2e\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"swell-block-balloon\"><div class=\"c-balloon -bln-left\" data-col=\"blue\"><div class=\"c-balloon__icon -circle\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\u771f\u4eba\u85dd\u7d20\u7167-tiny.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"c-balloon__iconImg\" width=\"80px\" height=\"80px\"><span class=\"c-balloon__iconName\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/div><div class=\"c-balloon__body -speaking -border-none\"><div class=\"c-balloon__text\">\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u57fa\u65bc\u840a\u65af\u5927\u5b78 OpenStax \u7684 <em><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-01-color\"><strong>Anatomy and Physiology 2e<\/strong><\/span><\/em>\uff0c\u7531<strong><span class=\"swl-inline-color has-swl-deep-02-color\">\u591c\u9ece<\/span><\/strong>\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u8f2f\u3002\uff08\u6839\u64da<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/preface\" target=\"_blank\">\u672c\u66f8\u524d\u8a00<\/a>\u4e2d\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u5275\u7528 CC BY 4.0 \u8072\u660e<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n<span class=\"c-balloon__shapes\"><span class=\"c-balloon__before\"><\/span><span class=\"c-balloon__after\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_grid\"><strong>\u539f\u6587\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/9-4-synovial-joints\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/openstax.org\/books\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/pages\/9-4-synovial-joints\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&lt;9&gt; Joints &nbsp;\u2014 9.4&nbsp;Synovial Joints<\/a><br><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u50b3\u9001\u9580\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u300a\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7406\u5b782e\u300b\u7d22\u5f15\u9801\u9762<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-capbox cap_box\" data-colset=\"col2\"><div class=\"cap_box_ttl\"><span><strong>\u7ae0\u7bc0\u76ee\u6a19<\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"cap_box_content\">\n<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u672c\u7bc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u63cf\u8ff0\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u7279\u5fb5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9644\u52a0\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u8207\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u76f8\u95dc\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5217\u51fa\u516d\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u4e26\u7d66\u51fa\u6bcf\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-big_icon_caution\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73fe\u201carticulate\u201d\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u70ba\u300c\u7528\u95dc\u7bc0\u9023\u63a5\u300d\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u8207\u201cjoint\uff08\u95dc\u7bc0\uff09\u201d\u505a\u51fa\u5340\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4f7f\u6587\u7ae0\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u201carticulate\u201d\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8a5e\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u9278\u63a5\u300d\u3002\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u8a5e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>articulating surfaces \uff1d\u300c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>articular capsule \uff1d\u300c\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>articular cartilage \uff1d\u300c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>articulate&#8230; \u3001articulation&#8230; \uff1d\u300c\u9278\u63a5\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>articulating bones \uff1d\u300c\u9278\u63a5\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u300d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>articular disc \uff1d\u300c\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4\u300d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014synovial joints\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u9ad4\u5167\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u985e\u578b\uff08\u5716 9.8\uff09\u3002 \u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7d50\u69cb\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u301d\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014joint cavity\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u301e\uff0c\u800c\u7e96\u7dad\u95dc\u7bc0\u6216\u8edf\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u5247\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002 \u9019\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u662f\u9aa8\u982d\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u76f8\u4e92\u63a5\u89f8\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002 \u4e5f\u8207\u7e96\u7dad\u6216\u8edf\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\u7684\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u4e0d\u900f\u904e\u7e96\u7dad\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u6216\u8edf\u9aa8\u76f4\u63a5\u5f7c\u6b64\u9023\u63a5\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u80fd\u5920\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u76f8\u4e92\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u53ef\u52d5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"751\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.01-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7811\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 9.8 \u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><br>\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u5141\u8a31\u76f8\u9130\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u88ab\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014articular capsule\u3015<\/small>\u5305\u570d\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u6ed1\u6db2\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154\u3002 \u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u88ab\u4e00\u5c64\u8584\u8584\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u8986\u84cb\u3002 \u97cc\u5e36\u900f\u904e\u5c07\u9aa8\u982d\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e26\u62b5\u6297\u904e\u5ea6\u6216\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u904b\u52d5\u4f86\u652f\u6490\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u7279\u5fb5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154\u3002 \u6b64\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u58c1\u7531<strong>\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014articular capsule\u3015<\/small>\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7e96\u7dad\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u9644\u8457\u5728\u9aa8\u982d\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u5340\u57df\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u9aa8\u982d\u4e0a\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u5728\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154\u5167\u76f8\u4e92\u9278\u63a5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014articular cartilage\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6469\u64e6\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u662f\u4e00\u5c64\u8584\u8584\u7684\u900f\u660e\u8edf\u9aa8<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hyaline cartilage\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u8986\u84cb\u8457\u6bcf\u584a\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u6574\u500b\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u3002<\/span> \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8207\u8edf\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014cartilaginous joint\u3015<\/small>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u9023\u7e8c\u3002 \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u50cf\u9aa8\u982d\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 Teflon\u00ae \u5857\u5c64\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u9278\u63a5\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u80fd\u5920\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u76f8\u4e92\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u640d\u58de\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u7684\u5167\u8868\u9762\u896f\u6709\u4e00\u5c64\u8584\u8584\u7684<strong>\u6ed1\u819c<\/strong>\u3014synovial membrane\u3015\u3002 \u8a72\u819c\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u6703\u5206\u6ccc<strong>\u6ed1\u6db2<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014synovial fluid\u3015<\/small>\uff08synovia= \u201c\u9ecf\u7a20\u6db2\u9ad4\u3014a thick fluid\u3015\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ecf\u7a20\u7684\u6db2\u9ad4\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u6f64\u6ed1\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u6e1b\u5c11\u95dc\u7bc0\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u6db2\u9ad4\u4e5f\u70ba\u4e0d\u542b\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u63d0\u4f9b\u71df\u990a\u3002 \u9aa8\u982d\u5728\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154\u5167\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u76f8\u4e92\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6bcf\u500b\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u90fd\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u52d5\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014diarthrosis\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u900f\u904e\u97cc\u5e36\u9023\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c<span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u97cc\u5e36\u662f\u5805\u56fa\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u5e36\u3002 \u5b83\u5011\u900f\u904e\u5c07\u9aa8\u982d\u9328\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u548c\u652f\u6490\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u4e26\u9632\u6b62\u95dc\u7bc0\u5206\u96e2\u3002 \u97cc\u5e36\u5141\u8a31\u95dc\u7bc0\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u9650\u5236\u9019\u4e9b\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u904e\u5ea6\u6216\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u904b\u52d5\u3002 <\/span>\u97cc\u5e36\u6839\u64da\u5176\u8207\u7e96\u7dad\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u9032\u884c\u5206\u985e\u3002 <strong>\u5916\u5728\u97cc\u5e36<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014extrinsic ligament\u3015<\/small>\u4f4d\u65bc\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u5916\u90e8\uff0c<strong>\u5167\u5728\u97cc\u5e36<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intrinsic ligament\u3015<\/small>\u878d\u5408\u6216\u4f75\u5165\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u7684\u58c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<strong>\u56ca\u5167\u97cc\u5e36<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intracapsular ligament\u3015<\/small>\u4f4d\u65bc\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u5167\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8de8\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u808c\u8089\u53ca\u5176\u808c\u8171\u63d0\u4f9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u652f\u6490\u3002 <strong>\u808c\u8171<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014tendon\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u5c07\u808c\u8089\u9644\u8457\u5728\u9aa8\u982d\u4e0a\u7684\u7dfb\u5bc6\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u95dc\u7bc0\u4e0a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8089\uff08\u7a7f\u904e\u8a72\u95dc\u7bc0\uff09\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6536\u7e2e\u5f37\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u808c\u8089\u53ca\u5176\u808c\u8171\u5145\u7576\u201c\u52d5\u614b\u97cc\u5e36\u201d\u4f86\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u91cf\u4e26\u652f\u6490\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u808c\u8089\u7684\u9593\u63a5\u652f\u6490\u5c0d\u65bc\u80a9\u95dc\u7bc0\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u97cc\u5e36\u76f8\u5c0d\u8f03\u5f31\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8207\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7d50\u69cb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u5177\u6709\u7e96\u7dad\u8edf\u9aa8\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5176\u4f4d\u65bc\u9278\u63a5\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u3002 \u9019\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014articular disc\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u8f03\u5c0f\u4e14\u5448\u6a62\u5713\u5f62\uff09\u6216\u7a31\u70ba<strong>\u534a\u6708\u677f<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014meniscus\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u8f03\u5927\u4e14\u5448 C \u5f62\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u63ee\u591a\u7a2e\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u5c07\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u5f7c\u6b64\u7262\u56fa\u5730\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u80f8\u9396\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\u6216\u5728\u6a48\u9aa8\u548c\u5c3a\u9aa8\u9060\u7aef\u4e4b\u9593\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4\u3002 \u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u63d0\u4f9b\u6e1b\u9707\u548c\u7de9\u885d\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u819d\u95dc\u7bc0\u5167\u6bcf\u500b\u534a\u6708\u677f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u76e4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e73\u6ed1\u9278\u63a5\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u9873\u984e\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u3002 \u6709\u4e9b\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u9084\u5177\u6709\u8102\u80aa\u588a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u7576\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7de9\u885d\u588a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u301d\u4f4d\u65bc\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7d50\u69cb\u301e\u7528\u65bc\u9632\u6b62\u95dc\u7bc0\u9aa8\u982d\u8207\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u808c\u8171\u6216\u76ae\u819a\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u6ed1\u56ca<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014bursa\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u8907\u6578=bursae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5145\u6eff\u6f64\u6ed1\u6db2\u7684\u8584\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u56ca\u3002<\/span> \u5b83\u5011\u4f4d\u65bc\u76ae\u819a\u3001\u97cc\u5e36\u3001\u808c\u8089\u6216\u808c\u8171\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u6469\u64e6\u7684\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9760\u8fd1\u8eab\u9ad4\u95dc\u7bc0\uff08\u5716 9.9\uff09\u3002 \u6ed1\u56ca\u900f\u904e\u5206\u96e2\u76f8\u9130\u7d50\u69cb\u4f86\u6e1b\u5c11\u6469\u64e6\u529b\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5b83\u5011\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u4e92\u6469\u64e6\u3002 \u6ed1\u56ca\u4f9d\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u985e\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u76ae\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014subcutaneous bursa\u3015<\/small>\u4f4d\u65bc\u76ae\u819a\u548c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/span> \u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u76ae\u819a\u5728\u9aa8\u982d\u4e0a\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\u4f4d\u65bc\u819d\u84cb\u9aa8\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u9ad5\u524d\u6ed1\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014prepatellar bursa\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u4f4d\u65bc\u624b\u8098\u5c16\u7aef\u7684\u9df9\u5634\u6ed1\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014olecranon bursa\u3015<\/small>\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u808c\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014submuscular bursa\u3015<\/small>\u4f4d\u65bc\u808c\u8089\u548c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u76f8\u9130\u808c\u8089\u4e4b\u9593\u3002 <\/span>\u9019\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u904b\u52d5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u808c\u8089\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u5927\u7684\u808c\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca\uff0c\u5373\u8f49\u5b50\u6ed1\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014trochanteric bursa\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u5916\u5074\uff08\u80a1\u9aa8\u5927\u8f49\u5b50\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u81c0\u5927\u808c\u4e4b\u9593\uff09\u3002 <span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u8171\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014subtendinous bursa\u3015<\/small>\u4f4d\u65bc\u808c\u8171\u548c\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/span> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u80a9\u5cf0\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014subacromial bursa\u3015<\/small>\u4fdd\u8b77\u80a9\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u7684\u808c\u8171\uff08\u7576\u8a72\u808c\u8171\u5f9e\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u7684\u80a9\u5cf0\u4e0b\u65b9\u901a\u904e\u6642\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad5\u4e0a\u6ed1\u56ca<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014suprapatellar bursa\u3015<\/small>\u5c07\u5927\u817f\u524d\u5927\u808c\u8089\u7684\u808c\u8171\u8207\u819d\u84cb\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u80a1\u9aa8\u9060\u7aef\u5206\u958b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"901\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.02-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.02-webp.webp 901w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.02-webp-768x576.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u5716 9.9 \u6ed1\u56ca<br>\u6ed1\u56ca\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u6db2\u9ad4\u7684\u56ca\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u9632\u6b62\u76ae\u819a\u3001\u808c\u8089\u6216\u808c\u8171\u8207\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6469\u64e6\u3002 \u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u8102\u80aa\u588a\u662f\u9023\u63a5\u817f\u90e8\u80a1\u9aa8\u548c\u811b\u9aa8\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8171\u9798<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014tendon sheath\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u6ed1\u56ca\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u8f03\u5c0f\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d50\u7de0\u7d44\u7e54\u56ca\uff0c\u5728\u808c\u8171\u7a7f\u904e\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5305\u570d\u8457\u808c\u8171\u3002 \u5b83\u542b\u6709\u6f64\u6ed1\u6db2\uff0c\u5728\u808c\u8089\u6536\u7e2e\u548c\u95dc\u7bc0\u904b\u52d5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5141\u8a31\u808c\u8171\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u904b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-capbox cap_box\" data-colset=\"col3\"><div class=\"cap_box_ttl\"><span><strong>\u9ad4\u5167\u5e73\u8861\u5931\u8861<\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"cap_box_content\">\n<p><strong>\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014bursitis\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u95dc\u7bc0\u9644\u8fd1\u6ed1\u56ca\u7684\u767c\u708e\u3002 \u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6ed1\u56ca\u548c\u5468\u570d\u5340\u57df\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u816b\u8139\u6216\u58d3\u75db\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u7bc0\u50f5\u786c\u3002 <\/span>\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u65bc\u80a9\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u819d\u95dc\u7bc0\u6216\u8098\u95dc\u7bc0\u6216\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u3002 \u5728\u80a9\u90e8\uff0c\u80a9\u5cf0\u4e0b\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014subacromial bursitis\u3015<\/small>\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5c07\u301d\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u7684\u80a9\u5cf0\u301e\u8207\u301d\u80a9\u90e8\u808c\u8089\u7684\u808c\u8171\uff08\u7576\u5b83\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u80a9\u5cf0\u6642\uff09\u301e\u5206\u958b\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u4e2d\u3002 \u5728\u81c0\u90e8\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u8f49\u5b50\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014trochanteric bursitis\u3015<\/small>\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u5728\u301d\u80a1\u9aa8\u5927\u8f49\u5b50\u4e0a\u65b9\u3001\u4f4d\u65bc\u81c0\u90e8\u5916\u5074\u4e0b\u65b9\u301e\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u3002 \u5750\u9aa8\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014Ischial bursitis\u3015<\/small>\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5c07\u301d\u76ae\u819a\u301e\u8207\u301d\u9aa8\u76c6\u7684\u5750\u9aa8\u7d50\u7bc0\u301e\u5206\u958b\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u4e2d\uff0c\u9aa8\u76c6\u7684\u5750\u9aa8\u7d50\u7bc0\u662f\u5750\u8457\u6642\u627f\u53d7\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 \u5728\u819d\u84cb\u8655\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u301d\u76ae\u819a\u301e\u548c\u301d\u9ad5\u9aa8\u301e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u767c\u708e\u548c\u816b\u8139\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba\u9ad5\u524d\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014prepatellar bursitis\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u201c\u5973\u50ad\u819d\u84cb<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014housemaid\u2019s knee\u3015<\/small>\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8b77\u819d\u7684\u5c4b\u9802\u5de5\u4eba\u6216\u5730\u677f\u548c\u5730\u6bef\u5b89\u88dd\u4eba\u54e1\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e38\u898b\u3002 \u5728\u8098\u90e8\uff0c\u9df9\u5634\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014olecranon bursitis\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u301d\u76ae\u819a\u548c\u301d\u5c3a\u9aa8\u9df9\u5634\u7a81\u301e\u4e4b\u9593\u6ed1\u56ca\u7684\u767c\u708e\u3002 \u9df9\u5634\u5f62\u6210\u8098\u90e8\u7684\u9aa8\u5c16\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u5b78\u751f\u8098<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014student\u2019s elbow\u3015<\/small>\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6025\u6027\u7684\uff08\u50c5\u6301\u7e8c\u5e7e\u5929\uff09\u6216\u6162\u6027\u7684\u3002 \u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u808c\u8089\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5275\u50b7\u3001\u76ae\u819a\u904e\u5ea6\u6216\u9577\u671f\u53d7\u58d3\u3001\u985e\u98a8\u6fd5\u6027\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u3001\u75db\u98a8\u6216\u95dc\u7bc0\u611f\u67d3\u5f15\u8d77\u3002 \u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u53cd\u8986\u6025\u6027\u767c\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0e\u81f4\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u662f\u7531\u611f\u67d3\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u8a72\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u5305\u62ec\u6297\u751f\u7d20\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u5916\u50b7\u6216\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6297\u767c\u708e\u85e5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u975e\u985e\u56fa\u9187\u6297\u767c\u708e\u85e5(NSAID) \u6216\u76ae\u8cea\u985e\u56fa\u9187\u3002 \u6162\u6027\u6ed1\u56ca\u708e\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6392\u51fa\u6db2\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u984d\u5916\u7684\u624b\u8853\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u6839\u64da\u5f62\u6210\u6bcf\u500b\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9aa8\u982d\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u9032\u884c\u7d30\u5206\u3002 \u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u516d\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u70ba\uff1a\u6a1e\u8ef8\uff08\u8eca\u8ef8\uff09\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u9278\u93c8\uff08\u5c48\u620d\uff09\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u9ac1\u72c0\uff08\u6a62\u7403\uff09\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u548c\u7403\u7aa9\u95dc\u7bc0\uff08\u5716 9.10\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"1051\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.03-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7814\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.03-webp.webp 900w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.03-webp-768x897.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 9.10 \u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u985e\u578b<\/strong><br>\u516d\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u5141\u8a31\u8eab\u9ad4\u4ee5\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u79fb\u52d5\u3002 (a)\u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014pivot joints\u3015<\/small>\u5141\u8a31\u7e5e\u8ef8\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9838\u690e\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9838\u690e\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u5141\u8a31\u982d\u90e8\u5f9e\u4e00\u5074\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u5074\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 (b) \u624b\u8098\u7684\u9278\u93c8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hinge joint\u3015<\/small>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u985e\u4f3c\u9580\u9278\u93c8\u3002 (c) \u301d\u8155\u9aa8\u7684\u5927\u591a\u89d2\u9aa8\u301e\u548c\u301d\u62c7\u6307\u57fa\u90e8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u638c\u9aa8\u301e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014saddle joint\u3015<\/small>\u3002 (d) \u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014plane joints\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8173\u8dd7\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u9aa8\u982d\u4e4b\u9593\u9032\u884c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6ed1\u52d5\u904b\u52d5\u3002 (e) \u624b\u8155\u7684\u6a48\u8155\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u9ac1\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014condyloid joint\u3015<\/small>\u3002 (f) \u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u548c\u80a9\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7403\u7aa9\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ball-and-socket joints\u3015<\/small>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u5728<strong>\u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014pivot joint\u3015<\/small>\u8655\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5713\u5f62\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u5c01\u9589\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u74b0\u5167\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u74b0\u7531\u301d\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u584a\u9aa8\u982d\u9278\u63a5\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u301e\u548c\u301d\u4e00\u500b\u97cc\u5e36\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u301e\u5f62\u6210<\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10a\uff09\u3002 \u9aa8\u982d\u5728\u9019\u500b\u74b0\u5167\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u7531\u65bc\u65cb\u8f49\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u55ae\u4e00\u8ef8\u9032\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u301d\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u55ae\u8ef8\u52d5\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014uniaxial diarthrosis\u3015<\/small>\u985e\u578b\u301e\u3002 \u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5bf0\u6a1e\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014atlantoaxial joint\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc C1\uff08\u5bf0\u690e\uff09\u548c C2\uff08\u6a1e\u690e\uff09\u690e\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u301d\u6a1e\u690e\u5411\u4e0a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u9f52\u7a81<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014dens\u3015<\/small>\u301e\u8207\u301d\u5bf0\u690e\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u301e\u9278\u63a5\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u97cc\u5e36\u56fa\u5b9a\u5230\u4f4d\u3002 \u900f\u904e\u8a72\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u982d\u90e8\u5f9e\u4e00\u5074\u8f49\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u5074\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u6a1e\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0\u4f4d\u65bc<strong>\u8fd1\u7aef\u6a48\u5c3a\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014proximal radioulnar joint\u3015<\/small>\u8655\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u6a48\u9aa8\u982d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u97cc\u5e36\u5305\u570d\uff0c\u7576\u5b83\u8207\u5c3a\u9aa8\u7684\u6a48\u9aa8\u5207\u8de1\u9278\u63a5\u6642\uff0c\u97cc\u5e36\u5c07\u5176\u56fa\u5b9a\u5230\u4f4d\u3002 \u6a48\u9aa8\u7684\u65cb\u8f49\u5141\u8a31\u524d\u81c2\u904b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9278\u93c8\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u5728\u9278\u93c8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014hinge joint\u3015<\/small>\u4e2d\uff0c\u301d\u4e00\u6839\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u51f8\u7aef\u301e\u8207\u301d\u76f8\u9130\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u51f9\u7aef\u301e\u9278\u63a5<\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10b\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u50c5\u5141\u8a31\u6cbf\u8457\u55ae\u4e00\u8ef8\u9032\u884c\u5f4e\u66f2\u548c\u4f38\u76f4\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9278\u93c8\u95dc\u7bc0\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u55ae\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014uniaxial joints\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u8098\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u301d\u80b1\u9aa8\u7684\u6ed1\u8eca\u301e\u548c\u301d\u5c3a\u9aa8\u7684\u6ed1\u8eca\u5207\u8de1\u301e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9278\u63a5\u3002 \u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9278\u93c8\u95dc\u7bc0\u5305\u62ec\u819d\u95dc\u7bc0\u3001\u8e1d\u95dc\u7bc0\u4ee5\u53ca\u6307\u9593\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014interphalangeal joints\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u624b\u6307\u548c\u8173\u8dbe\u7684\u6307\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9ac1\u7a81\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u5728<strong>\u9ac1\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014condyloid joint\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u6a62\u7403\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ellipsoid joint\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u8655\uff0c\u301d\u4e00\u6839\u9aa8\u982d\u672b\u7aef\u7684\u6dfa\u51f9\u9677\u301e\u8207\u301d\u76f8\u9130\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5713\u5f62\u7d50\u69cb\u301e\u9278\u63a5<\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10e\uff09\u3002 \u638c\u9aa8\u9060\u7aef\u548c\u8fd1\u7bc0\u6307\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u624b\u7684\u6307\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014knuckle\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u638c\u6307\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014metacarpophalangeal\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u662f\u9ac1\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u624b\u8155\u7684\u6a48\u8155\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u6a48\u9aa8\u9060\u7aef\u7684\u6dfa\u51f9\u8655\u8207\u5713\u5f62\u7684\u821f\u72c0\u9aa8\u3001\u6708\u72c0\u9aa8\u548c\u4e09\u89d2\u9aa8\uff08\u8155\u9aa8\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u9278\u63a5\u5340\u57df\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5375\u5f62\uff08\u6a62\u5713\u5f62\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u3002 \u5f9e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u8b1b\uff0c\u9ac1\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u96d9\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014biaxial joints\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u5169\u500b\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\u6d89\u53ca\u624b\u6307\u7684\u5f4e\u66f2\u548c\u4f38\u76f4\u6216\u624b\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7a2e\u52d5\u4f5c\u662f\u5de6\u53f3\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u624b\u6307\u5206\u958b\u7136\u5f8c\u4f75\u650f\uff0c\u6216\u5c07\u624b\u5411\u5167\u5074\u6216\u5916\u5074\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u5728<strong>\u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014saddle joint\u3015<\/small>\u8655\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u95dc\u7bc0\uff08\u9278\u63a5\uff09\u8868\u9762\u5747\u5448\u978d\u5f62\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u51f9\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u51f8\u51fa<\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10c\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5169\u584a\u9aa8\u982d\u80fd\u5920\u50cf\u9a0e\u624b\u5750\u5728\u99ac\u978d\u4e0a\u4e00\u6a23\u8cbc\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002 \u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u5206\u985e\u70ba\u96d9\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014biaxial joints\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u8155\u638c\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u62c7\u6307\u57fa\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u591a\u89d2\u9aa8\uff08\u4e00\u500b\u8155\u9aa8\uff09\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u638c\u9aa8\u4e4b\u9593\u3002 \u8a72\u95dc\u7bc0\u4f7f\u62c7\u6307\u80fd\u5920\u6cbf\u8457\u5169\u500b\u5e73\u9762\u9060\u96e2\u624b\u638c\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u62c7\u6307\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8207\u624b\u638c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5167\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5782\u76f4\u65bc\u624b\u638c\u5411\u524d\u4f38\u51fa\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8155\u638c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u52d5\u4f5c\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e86\u4eba\u985e\u7368\u7279\u7684\u201c\u5c0d\u751f<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014opposable\u3015<\/small>\u201d\u62c7\u6307\u3002 \u80f8\u9396\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014sternoclavicular joint\u3015<\/small>\u4e5f\u88ab\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u978d\u72c0\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u5728<strong>\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014plane joint\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u6ed1\u52d5\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014gliding joint\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u8655\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\uff08\u9278\u63a5\uff09\u8868\u9762\u662f\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u6216\u7a0d\u5fae\u5f4e\u66f2\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5927\u5c0f\u5927\u81f4\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u9aa8\u982d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u6ed1\u52d5<\/span>\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10d\uff09\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53d7\u5230\u5468\u570d\u97cc\u5e36\u7684\u56b4\u683c\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u50c5\u6839\u64da\u5176\u5f62\u72c0\uff0c\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8a31\u591a\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u591a\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014multiaxial joint\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u97cc\u5e36\u6216\u9130\u8fd1\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6240\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u904b\u52d5\u90fd\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6bcf\u500b\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u95dc\u7bc0\uff0c\u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u53ef\u4ee5\u50c5\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u55ae\u4e00\u985e\u578b\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u5e7e\u7a2e\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u5e73\u9762\u95dc\u7bc0\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u624b\u8155\u7684\u8155\u9aa8\uff08\u8155\u9aa8\u9593\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intercarpal joints\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u6216\u8db3\u90e8\u7684\u8dd7\u9aa8\uff08\u8dd7\u9aa8\u9593\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014intertarsal joints\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u3001\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u7684\u9396\u9aa8\u548c\u80a9\u5cf0\u4e4b\u9593\uff08\u80a9\u9396\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014acromioclavicular joint\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u9130\u690e\u9aa8\u7684\u4e0a\u95dc\u7bc0\u7a81\u548c\u4e0b\u95dc\u7bc0\u7a81\u4e4b\u9593\uff08\u95dc\u7bc0\u7a81\u95dc\u7bc0<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014zygapophysial joints\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7403\u7aa9\u95dc\u7bc0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d3b\u52d5\u7bc4\u570d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f<strong>\u7403\u7aa9\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014ball-and-socket joint\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\uff0c\u4e00\u584a\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u5713\u5f62\u982d\u90e8\uff08\u7403\uff09\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u76f8\u9130\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u51f9\u5f62\u95dc\u7bc0\uff08\u7aa9\uff09\uff08\u898b\u5716 9.10f\uff09\u3002 \u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u548c\u76c2\u80b1\uff08\u80a9\uff09\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7403\u7aa9\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u5728\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\uff0c\u301d\u80a1\u9aa8\u982d\u301e\u8207\u301d\u9ad6\u9aa8\u7684\u9ad6\u81fc\u301e\u9278\u63a5\uff0c\u5728\u80a9\u95dc\u7bc0\u8655\uff0c\u301d\u80b1\u9aa8\u982d\u301e\u8207\u301d\u80a9\u80db\u9aa8\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u76c2\u301e\u9278\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7403\u7aa9\u63a5\u982d\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u5206\u985e\u70ba<strong>\u591a\u8ef8\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014multiaxial joints\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u80a1\u9aa8\u548c\u80b1\u9aa8\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u524d\u5f8c\u548c\u5167\u5916\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7e5e\u5176\u9577\u8ef8\u65cb\u8f49\u3002 \u7531\u95dc\u7bc0\u76c2\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6dfa\u7aa9\u5141\u8a31\u80a9\u95dc\u7bc0\u9032\u884c\u5927\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u3002 \u76f8\u8f03\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ad6\u81fc\u7684\u6df1\u7aa9\u548c\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6490\u97cc\u5e36\u8d77\u5230\u9650\u5236\u80a1\u9aa8\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u9ad6\u90e8\u5c0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u627f\u91cd\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"swell-block-capbox cap_box\" data-colset=\"col3\"><div class=\"cap_box_ttl\"><span><strong>\u8870\u8001\u548c\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"cap_box_content\">\n<p><strong>\u95dc\u7bc0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014arthritis\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u767c\u708e\u3002 \u9019\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u816b\u8139\u3001\u50f5\u786c\u548c\u95dc\u7bc0\u6d3b\u52d5\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u3002 <\/span>\u6709 100 \u591a\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u8001\u5316\u3001\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u640d\u50b7\u3001\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7d30\u83cc\u6216\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u6216\u672a\u77e5\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u907a\u50b3\uff09\u539f\u56e0\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\">\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u985e\u578b\u662f<strong>\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014osteoarthritis\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u7684\u8870\u8001\u548c\u201c\u78e8\u640d\u201d\u6709\u95dc<\/span>\uff08\u5716 9.11\uff09\u3002 \u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5c0e\u81f4\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50\u5305\u62ec\u95dc\u7bc0\u640d\u50b7\uff1b \u6d89\u53ca\u9ad4\u529b\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b \u9032\u884c\u8dd1\u6b65\u3001\u626d\u8f49\u6216\u6295\u64f2\u52d5\u4f5c\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff1b \u548c\u8d85\u91cd\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5c0d\u8986\u84cb\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u9aa8\u982d\u8868\u9762\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u65bd\u52a0\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8edf\u9aa8\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u8584\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u5c64\u78e8\u640d\uff0c\u9aa8\u982d\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u66f4\u5927\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u6703\u900f\u904e\u589e\u52a0\u6f64\u6ed1\u6ed1\u6db2\u7684\u7522\u751f\u4f86\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u7bc0\u8154\u816b\u8139\u3001\u7576\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u88ab\u62c9\u4f38\u6642\u5f15\u8d77\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u95dc\u7bc0\u50f5\u786c\u3002 \u53d7\u640d\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u9aa8\u7d44\u7e54\u4e5f\u6703\u900f\u904e\u589e\u539a\u3001\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u6027\u4e26\u5c0e\u81f4\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8868\u9762\u8b8a\u5f97\u7c97\u7cd9\u6216\u51f9\u51f8\u4e0d\u5e73\u4f86\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u61c9\u3002 \u95dc\u7bc0\u904b\u52d5\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u767c\u708e\u3002 \u5728\u65e9\u671f\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u201c\u6eab\u6696<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014warms up\u3015<\/small>\u201d \u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u8f15\u5fae\u6d3b\u52d5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u6e1b\u8f15\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u4f46\u904b\u52d5\u5f8c\u75c7\u72c0\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u60e1\u5316\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u60a3\u6709\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u96e3\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0d\u52d5\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u3002 \u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u7121\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6108\uff0c\u4f46\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6e1b\u8f15\u75bc\u75db\u3002 \u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u6539\u8b8a\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6e1b\u80a5\u548c\u4f4e\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6e1b\u8f15\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u767c\u708e\u7684\u975e\u8655\u65b9\u85e5\u6216\u8655\u65b9\u85e5\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7f6e\u63db\u624b\u8853<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014replacement surgery\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u95dc\u7bc0\u6210\u5f62\u8853<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014arthroplasty\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u95dc\u7bc0\u7f6e\u63db\u8853\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4fb5\u5165\u6027\u5f88\u5f37\u7684\u624b\u8853\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u624b\u8853\u524d\u7e3d\u662f\u6703\u5617\u8a66\u5176\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7f6e\u63db\u8853\u53ef\u4ee5\u7de9\u89e3\u6162\u6027\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8853\u5f8c\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u5167\u589e\u5f37\u53ef\u52d5\u6027\u3002 \u6b64\u985e\u624b\u8853\u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u5047\u9ad4<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014prosthesis\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u4eba\u9020\u90e8\u4ef6<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014artificial components\u3015<\/small>\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u9aa8\u982d\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u9762\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u7f6e\u63db\u8853\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad6\u95dc\u7bc0\u78e8\u640d\u6216\u640d\u58de\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u80a1\u9aa8\u982d\u548c\u80a1\u9aa8\u9838\u4ee5\u53ca\u9aa8\u76c6\u7684\u9ad6\u81fc\uff09\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u4e26\u7528\u4eba\u5de5\u95dc\u7bc0\u90e8\u4ef6\u66ff\u63db\u3002 \u80a1\u9aa8\u66ff\u63db\u982d\u90e8\u7531\u4e00\u500b\u5713\u5f62\u7403\u9ad4\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u8a72\u7403\u9ad4\u9644\u8457\u5728\u4e00\u6839\u8ef8\u7684\u672b\u7aef\uff0c\u8a72\u8ef8\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u80a1\u9aa8\u7684\u9aa8\u5e79\u5167\u3002 \u9aa8\u76c6\u7684\u9ad6\u81fc\u88ab\u91cd\u5851\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b89\u88dd\u66ff\u63db\u7684\u7aa9<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014socket\u3015<\/small>\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u7e3d\u662f\u5728\u624b\u8853\u524d\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u662f\u5ba2\u88fd\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u9069\u5408\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"swl-marker mark_yellow\"><strong>\u75db\u98a8<\/strong><small class=\"mininote\">\u3014gout\u3015<\/small>\u662f\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7531\u5c3f\u9178\u6676\u9ad4\u6c89\u7a4d\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u95dc\u7bc0\u5167\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/span> \u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u5e7e\u500b\u95dc\u7bc0\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5927\u8173\u8dbe\u3001\u819d\u84cb\u6216\u8173\u8e1d\u3002 \u767c\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6301\u7e8c\u5e7e\u5929\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u56de\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u7bc0\u3002 \u7576\u8eab\u9ad4\u7522\u751f\u904e\u591a\u5c3f\u9178\u6216\u814e\u81df\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u6392\u51fa\u5c3f\u9178\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u767c\u751f\u75db\u98a8\u3002 \u679c\u7cd6\u904e\u591a\u7684\u98f2\u98df\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u6613\u611f\u4eba\u7fa4\u60a3\u75db\u98a8\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u95dc\u7bc0\u7d30\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u6216\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u95dc\u3002 \u81ea\u9ad4\u514d\u75ab\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u985e\u98a8\u6fd5\u6027\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014rheumatoid arthritis\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u786c\u76ae\u75c7<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014scleroderma\u3015<\/small>\u6216\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u7d05\u6591\u72fc\u7621<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014systemic lupus erythematosus\u3015<\/small>\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u653b\u64ca\u8eab\u9ad4\u95dc\u7bc0\u800c\u7522\u751f\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u3002 \u5728\u985e\u98a8\u6fd5\u6027\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u4e2d\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u56ca\u548c\u6ed1\u819c\u767c\u708e\u3002 \u96a8\u8457\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u640d\u50b7\u6216\u7834\u58de\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u7bc0\u8b8a\u5f62\u3001\u55aa\u5931\u6d3b\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u56b4\u91cd\u5931\u80fd\u3002 \u6700\u5e38\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u662f\u624b\u3001\u8173\u548c\u9838\u690e\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u5169\u5074\u7684\u76f8\u61c9\u95dc\u7bc0\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e26\u4e0d\u7e3d\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u3002 \u985e\u98a8\u6fd5\u6027\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u4e5f\u8207\u80ba\u7e96\u7dad\u5316<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014lung fibrosis\u3015<\/small>\u3001\u8840\u7ba1\u708e<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014vasculitis\u3015<\/small>\uff08\u8840\u7ba1\u7684\u767c\u708e\uff09\u3001\u51a0\u72c0\u52d5\u8108\u5fc3\u81df\u75c5<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014coronary heart disease\u3015<\/small>\u548c\u904e\u65e9\u6b7b\u4ea1<small class=\"mininote\">\u3014premature mortality\u3015<\/small>\u6709\u95dc\u3002 \u7531\u65bc\u6c92\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6cbb\u7652\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6e1b\u8f15\u75c7\u72c0\u3002 \u904b\u52d5\u3001\u6297\u767c\u708e\u548c\u6b62\u75db\u85e5\u7269\u3001\u5404\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7de9\u89e3\u75c5\u60c5\u7684\u6297\u98a8\u6fd5\u85e5\u7269\u6216\u624b\u8853\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u985e\u98a8\u6fd5\u6027\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1051\" height=\"507\" src=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.04-webp.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.04-webp.webp 1051w, https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-04.04-webp-768x370.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1051px) 100vw, 1051px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u5716 9.11 \u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e<\/strong><br>\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u9aa8\u95dc\u7bc0\u708e\u662f\u7531\u8001\u5316\u6216\u9577\u671f\u95dc\u7bc0\u78e8\u640d\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u8986\u84cb\u9aa8\u982d\u8868\u9762\u7684\u95dc\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u53d7\u5230\u4fb5\u8755\u548c\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u95dc\u7bc0\u50f5\u786c\u548c\u75bc\u75db\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-balloon_box2\">\u66f4\u65b0\u7d00\u9304<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-bg_stripe\">2024\/01\/26 \u767c\u4f48\u672c\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-03\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-03\/\">\u2190\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wilback.com\/anatomy-and-physiology-2e-09-05\/\">\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u5b8c\u672c\u7bc0\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f60\u5c07\u80fd\u5920\uff1a<br \/>\n\u00b7 \u63cf\u8ff0\u6ed1\u819c\u95dc\u7bc0\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u7279\u5fb5<br \/>\n\u00b7 \u8a0e\u8ad6\u9644\u52a0\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u8207\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u76f8\u95dc\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd<br \/>\n\u00b7 \u5217\u51fa\u516d\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6ed1\u6db2\u95dc\u7bc0\u4e26\u7d66\u51fa\u6bcf\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7831,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"lc_iscn_info":[],"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7808"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7808"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7808\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7879,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7808\/revisions\/7879"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7831"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wilback.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}